{"id":6378,"date":"2026-10-01T13:45:45","date_gmt":"2026-10-01T10:15:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/azco.az\/?p=6378"},"modified":"2026-10-01T14:18:43","modified_gmt":"2026-10-01T10:48:43","slug":"podratcilar-ucun-x%c9%99rcl%c9%99r%c9%99-n%c9%99zar%c9%99t-strategiyalari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/podratcilar-ucun-x%c9%99rcl%c9%99r%c9%99-n%c9%99zar%c9%99t-strategiyalari\/","title":{"rendered":"Podrat\u00e7\u0131lar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn X\u0259rcl\u0259r\u0259 N\u0259zar\u0259t Strategiyalar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

X\u0259rcl\u0259r\u0259 N\u0259zar\u0259tin \u018fsas M\u0259ntiqi<\/h2>\n

\u0130n\u015faat layih\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 real g\u0259lir n\u0259 m\u00fcqavil\u0259 imzalanan g\u00fcn, n\u0259 d\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f lenti k\u0259sil\u0259nd\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n olunur. M\u0259nf\u0259\u0259t h\u0259r g\u00fcn tikinti meydan\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n torpa\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 betonu \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259, q\u00fcll\u0259 kranlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6vriyy\u0259sind\u0259 v\u0259 m\u00fch\u0259ndisl\u0259rin zahir\u0259n x\u0131rda g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n q\u0259rarlar\u0131 il\u0259 ya qazan\u0131l\u0131r, ya da itirilir. \u015e\u0259h\u0259r siluetinin s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fdiyi m\u00fcasir m\u00fchitd\u0259 s\u0259hv\u0259 yer yoxdur. Tikinti sah\u0259si el\u0259 amans\u0131z bir bazard\u0131r ki, burada yersiz pe\u015f\u0259kar n\u0259zak\u0259t v\u0259 ki\u00e7ik hesablama s\u0259hvl\u0259ri b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u0259nf\u0259\u0259t marjan\u0131z\u0131 bir g\u00f6z q\u0131rp\u0131m\u0131nda silib apara bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Bir \u00e7ox podrat\u00e7\u0131 \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259r iflas\u0131n v\u0259 ya u\u011fursuzlu\u011fun h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck f\u0259lak\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n \u2014 q\u0259fil i\u015f dayanmalar\u0131ndan, sifari\u015f\u00e7i il\u0259 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 \u00e7\u0259ki\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n v\u0259 ya g\u00f6zl\u0259nilm\u0259z iqtisadi \u015foklardan qaynaqland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 z\u0259nn edirl\u0259r. Lakin t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259ri diz \u00e7\u00f6kd\u00fcr\u0259n z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259 deyil, “minl\u0259rl\u0259 x\u0131rda k\u0259sikd\u0259n axan qan”d\u0131r. Bunlar he\u00e7 kimin \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t verm\u0259diyi gizli itkil\u0259rdir: texnikan\u0131n alt\u0131nda pal\u00e7\u0131\u011fa bat\u0131b qalm\u0131\u015f armatur par\u00e7alar\u0131, z\u0259if koordinasiya ucbat\u0131ndan nasosun iki saat bo\u015f dayanmas\u0131, \u015fifahi ist\u0259kl\u0259 yeri d\u0259yi\u015fdiril\u0259n arak\u0259sm\u0259 divar v\u0259 ya r\u00fctub\u0259td\u0259n da\u015fla\u015fm\u0131\u015f sement kis\u0259l\u0259ri. Bunlar g\u0259minin g\u00f6vd\u0259sind\u0259ki ki\u00e7ik de\u015fikl\u0259rdir v\u0259 g\u0259miy\u0259 sakitc\u0259 su doldurur.<\/p>\n

\u015eirk\u0259t sabit qiym\u0259tli (lump-sum) v\u0259 ya g\u0259rgin r\u0259qab\u0259tli bir m\u00fcqavil\u0259 ba\u011flad\u0131qda, onun g\u0259lir tavan\u0131 ilk g\u00fcnd\u0259n m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fir. H\u0259min andan etibar\u0259n oyunun qaydas\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fir: m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 t\u0259sdiql\u0259n\u0259n h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t aktlar\u0131n\u0131n (forma-2) h\u0259cmind\u0259 deyil, m\u0259nf\u0259\u0259t marjas\u0131n\u0131 qorumaqdak\u0131 nizam-intizamdad\u0131r. Sah\u0259d\u0259 x\u0259rcl\u0259r\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t keyfiyy\u0259tsiz material i\u015fl\u0259tm\u0259k v\u0259 ya f\u0259hl\u0259nin haqq\u0131n\u0131 k\u0259sm\u0259k deyil; bu, israf\u0131 s\u0131f\u0131rlamaq, logistikan\u0131 d\u0259mir nizamla idar\u0259 etm\u0259k v\u0259 tikinti sah\u0259si il\u0259 m\u00fchasibatl\u0131q aras\u0131nda vahid dil qurmaq s\u0259n\u0259tidir.<\/p>\n

\u201cT\u0259bii \u0130tki\u201d Mifologiyas\u0131<\/h2>\n

\u018fg\u0259r karkas m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sinin sonunda b\u00f6y\u00fck bir tikinti sah\u0259sind\u0259 g\u0259z\u0259rk\u0259n pal\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n i\u00e7in\u0259 at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, uzunlu\u011fu bir metrd\u0259n q\u0131sa y\u00fczl\u0259rl\u0259 armatur par\u00e7as\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fczs\u0259, bunu \u201ct\u0259bii itki\u201d adland\u0131rmay\u0131n. \u201cT\u0259bii itki\u201d \u2014 m\u00fch\u0259ndis s\u0259hl\u0259nkarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 sah\u0259 idar\u0259\u00e7iliyind\u0259ki p\u0259rak\u0259nd\u0259lik \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn uydurulmu\u015f b\u0259han\u0259dir. H\u00fcnd\u00fcrm\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259li binalarda metal \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck na\u011fd x\u0259rc madd\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biridir. \u0130ntizaml\u0131 m\u00fch\u0259ndislikl\u0259 idar\u0259 olunan sah\u0259 il\u0259 \u0259n\u0259n\u0259vi sah\u0259 aras\u0131ndak\u0131 f\u0259rq \u00fcmumi tonnaj\u0131n t\u0259xmin\u0259n 5-7 faizini t\u0259\u015fkil edir.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

K\u0259sim Plan\u0131 v\u0259 Material\u0131n Saxlanmas\u0131<\/h2>\n

Minl\u0259rl\u0259 ton armatur i\u015fl\u0259d\u0259n bir layih\u0259d\u0259 h\u0259min 5 faizlik f\u0259rq havaya sovrulan onlarla ton xam d\u0259mirdir. \u015eirk\u0259t\u0259 xalis m\u0259nf\u0259\u0259t g\u0259tir\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259k v\u0259 ya texnikaya yat\u0131r\u0131la bil\u0259c\u0259k kapital d\u0259y\u0259r-d\u0259ym\u0259zin\u0259 metal q\u0131r\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 (metallolom) kimi sat\u0131l\u0131r. S\u0259b\u0259b sad\u0259dir: armatur\u00e7u \u00e7ertyoju a\u00e7\u0131r v\u0259 \u00f6z \u015f\u0259xsi t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259sin\u0259 arxalanaraq 12 metrlik \u00e7ubuqlar\u0131 k\u0259sir. Kolon \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn k\u0259sdiyi armaturdan qalan 4 metrlik par\u00e7an\u0131 k\u0259nara at\u0131r, halbuki texniki \u015f\u00f6b\u0259 \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259d\u0259n optimal k\u0259sim x\u0259rit\u0259l\u0259ri (cutting list) t\u0259rtib ets\u0259ydi, h\u0259min par\u00e7a \u00f6z\u00fcll\u0259rd\u0259 v\u0259 ya xamutlarda tam istifad\u0259 oluna bil\u0259rdi.<\/p>\n

Standart layih\u0259d\u0259 texniki \u015f\u00f6b\u0259nin t\u0259sdiql\u0259diyi k\u0259sim plan\u0131 olmadan anbardan birc\u0259 \u0259d\u0259d d\u0259 armatur \u00e7\u0131xmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Texniki hey\u0259t zavod \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259ri il\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259b olunan uzunluqlar\u0131 el\u0259 uzla\u015fd\u0131rmal\u0131d\u0131r ki, qal\u0131q itkisi minimuma ensin. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, saxlama \u015f\u0259raiti kritikdir. Armatur n\u0259m torpaqla t\u0259masda olmamal\u0131d\u0131r. R\u00fctub\u0259tli v\u0259 ya duzlu k\u00fcl\u0259kl\u0259rin \u0259sdiyi zonalarda polad bir ne\u00e7\u0259 h\u0259ft\u0259 \u0259rzind\u0259 paslan\u0131r v\u0259 qab\u0131q verir. Bu, h\u0259m keyfiyy\u0259t\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t xidm\u0259tinin qada\u011fas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olur, h\u0259m d\u0259 podrat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131 \u0259lav\u0259 x\u0259rcl\u0259 mexaniki pas t\u0259mizl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur edir. Material\u0131 taxta altl\u0131qlar v\u0259 brezentl\u0259 qorumaq \u201cart\u0131q vasvas\u0131l\u0131q\u201d deyil, yer\u0259 s\u0259p\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015f pulu qorumaqd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Zamanla M\u00fcbariz\u0259<\/h2>\n

Betonlama i\u015fi zamana qar\u015f\u0131 n\u0259f\u0259sk\u0259sici bir yar\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Sement su il\u0259 t\u0259masda oldu\u011fu andan kimy\u0259vi reaksiya ba\u015flay\u0131r; ax\u0131c\u0131 olan k\u00fctl\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 b\u0259rkim\u0259y\u0259 do\u011fru gedir. H\u00fcnd\u00fcrm\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259li binalarda betonun real maya d\u0259y\u0259ri yaln\u0131z zavod qaim\u0259sind\u0259ki r\u0259q\u0259m deyil; bura logistika z\u0259ncirinin qurulmas\u0131, vurulma h\u00fcnd\u00fcrl\u00fcy\u00fc v\u0259 b\u0259rkimi\u015f betonun son keyfiyy\u0259ti daxildir. Betonlama zaman\u0131 yaranan h\u0259r bo\u015fdayanma saat\u0131 \u015firk\u0259tin b\u00fcdc\u0259sini udan d\u0259rin bir quyudur.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Bo\u015fdayanmalar\u0131n v\u0259 Keyfiyy\u0259t Riskl\u0259rinin \u0130dar\u0259si<\/h2>\n

T\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr edin: avtomikser sah\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7at\u0131r, lakin kran v\u0259 ya nasos haz\u0131r deyil, boru x\u0259ttinin yolu ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r v\u0259 ya sah\u0259 m\u00fch\u0259ndisi xamut add\u0131mlar\u0131 d\u00fcz\u0259ldilm\u0259diyi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u00f6km\u0259 akt\u0131n\u0131 imzalam\u0131r. Mikser g\u00fcn\u0259\u015f v\u0259 k\u00fcl\u0259k alt\u0131nda g\u00f6zl\u0259diyi h\u0259r d\u0259qiq\u0259 qar\u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6km\u0259 d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259si (slump) a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr, su buxarlan\u0131r v\u0259 ilkin b\u0259rkim\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r. Bel\u0259 v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259 t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259siz i\u015f\u00e7i betona \u201cax\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q verm\u0259k\u201d \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u015flanqla qazana su vurur \u2014 bu is\u0259 \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck m\u00fch\u0259ndislik cinay\u0259tidir. \u0130caz\u0259siz \u0259lav\u0259 edil\u0259n su 28 g\u00fcnl\u00fck m\u00f6hk\u0259mliyi m\u0259hv edir v\u0259 d\u0259rin \u00e7atlar yarad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Laboratoriya s\u0131na\u011f\u0131ndan ke\u00e7m\u0259y\u0259n betonun c\u0259zas\u0131 t\u0259kc\u0259 c\u0259rim\u0259 deyil; bura quyu qazma (kern \/ core drill) x\u0259rcl\u0259ri, t\u0259krar konstruktiv hesablamalar, karbon lifl\u0259ri il\u0259 bahal\u0131 g\u00fccl\u0259ndirm\u0259 v\u0259 \u0259n pis halda \u00f6rt\u00fcy\u00fcn s\u00f6k\u00fclm\u0259si \u0259mri daxildir. Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n, q\u0259libin h\u0259nd\u0259si \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259rin\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t birba\u015fa x\u0259rc m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sidir. \u018fg\u0259r dayaqlar\u0131n z\u0259ifliyi ucbat\u0131ndan 1000 kvadratmetrlik plit\u0259d\u0259 c\u0259mi 2 santimetrlik \u0259yilm\u0259 (sallanma) ba\u015f ver\u0259rs\u0259, bu, \u0259lav\u0259 20 kubmetr beton dem\u0259kdir. Sifari\u015f\u00e7i yaln\u0131z layih\u0259d\u0259ki qal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n pulunu \u00f6d\u0259yir. Art\u0131q t\u00f6k\u00fcl\u0259n betonun, n\u0259qliyyat\u0131n v\u0259 nasosun x\u0259rci is\u0259 he\u00e7 bir s\u0259n\u0259dd\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259d\u0259n birba\u015fa podrat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n cibind\u0259n \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r.<\/p>\n

N\u0259zak\u0259t T\u0259l\u0259si<\/h2>\n

\u0130n\u015faat \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck t\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biri layih\u0259 h\u0259cmind\u0259ki r\u0259smil\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259mi\u015f d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259rdir (Scope Creep). Tikinti gedi\u015find\u0259 sifari\u015f\u00e7il\u0259r v\u0259 memarlar davaml\u0131 yeni fikirl\u0259r\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrl\u0259r. Meydan\u00e7ada g\u0259z\u0259rk\u0259n sifari\u015f\u00e7inin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si divar\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rib dey\u0259 bil\u0259r: \u201cBu arak\u0259sm\u0259 iki metr o t\u0259r\u0259f\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kils\u0259 v\u0259 ya qap\u0131 yeri geni\u015fl\u0259ndirils\u0259 daha yax\u015f\u0131 olar, g\u0259lin bunu s\u0259s-k\u00fcy salmadan h\u0259ll ed\u0259k\u201d. \u00c7evik v\u0259 xo\u015fm\u0259raml\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259n sah\u0259 r\u0259isi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bunu r\u0259smi s\u0259n\u0259dsiz q\u0259bul etm\u0259k \u00e7ox asan g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Lakin h\u0259min \u015fifahi raz\u0131l\u0131q silsil\u0259 z\u0259r\u0259rl\u0259rin ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r. Divar\u0131n yerini d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259k haz\u0131r i\u015fin s\u00f6k\u00fclm\u0259si, blok v\u0259 m\u0259hlul itkisi, elektrik borular\u0131n\u0131n yenid\u0259n \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259si, naqill\u0259rin d\u0259yi\u015fdirilm\u0259si v\u0259 d\u00f6\u015f\u0259m\u0259nin hidroizolyasiyas\u0131n\u0131n z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259si dem\u0259kdir. Aylar sonra podrat\u00e7\u0131 \u0259lav\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259rin v\u0259 yaranan gecikm\u0259l\u0259rin \u00f6d\u0259ni\u015fini t\u0259l\u0259b ed\u0259nd\u0259, sifari\u015f\u00e7i sad\u0259c\u0259 \u201cbu, sad\u0259c\u0259 bir t\u0259klif idi, t\u0259sdiql\u0259nmi\u015f layih\u0259 \u00fczr\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259li idiniz\u201d dey\u0259 cavab verir.<\/p>\n

D\u0259yi\u015fiklik S\u0259r\u0259ncam\u0131n\u0131n M\u0259cburiliyi<\/h2>\n

Pe\u015f\u0259kar layih\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 h\u0259tta bir millimetrlik d\u0259yi\u015fiklik yaln\u0131z r\u0259smi \u201cD\u0259yi\u015fiklik S\u0259r\u0259ncam\u0131\u201d (Change Order) \u0259sas\u0131nda icra olunmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu s\u0259n\u0259d \u00fc\u00e7 s\u00fctun \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 qurulmal\u0131d\u0131r: texniki i\u015fin d\u0259qiq t\u0259sviri, bu yeni \u0259m\u0259liyyat\u0131n qiym\u0259ti v\u0259 layih\u0259 qrafikin\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 edil\u0259n icra m\u00fcdd\u0259ti. \u018fg\u0259r sifari\u015f\u00e7i bu s\u0259n\u0259di imzalamaq ist\u0259mirs\u0259, mesaj ayd\u0131nd\u0131r: o, \u00f6z estetik ist\u0259kl\u0259rini sizin \u015firk\u0259tinizin b\u00fcdc\u0259si hesab\u0131na maliyy\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k niyy\u0259tind\u0259dir. Sifari\u015f\u00e7iy\u0259 h\u00f6rm\u0259t vacibdir, lakin maliyy\u0259 s\u0131zmalar\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 q\u0259tiyy\u0259tl\u0259 almaq bacar\u0131ql\u0131 layih\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259rinin \u0259sas v\u0259zif\u0259sidir.<\/p>\n

\u0130nformasiya Bo\u015flu\u011fu<\/h2>\n

Bir \u00e7ox m\u00fch\u0259ndislik \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259 iki m\u00fch\u00fcm struktur tamamil\u0259 f\u0259rqli d\u00fcnyalarda ya\u015fay\u0131r: sah\u0259d\u0259ki Texniki \u015e\u00f6b\u0259 v\u0259 m\u0259rk\u0259zi ofisd\u0259ki M\u00fchasibatl\u0131q. Texniki \u015f\u00f6b\u0259 toz-torpaq, \u00e7ertyojlar v\u0259 \u00f6l\u00e7m\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011fuldur, m\u00fchasibatl\u0131q is\u0259 s\u0259ssiz otaqlarda debet-kredit qeydiyyat\u0131 apar\u0131r. Onlar faktiki olaraq f\u0259rqli dill\u0259rd\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Vahid X\u0259rc Kodla\u015fd\u0131rmas\u0131<\/h2>\n

Boru v\u0259 fitinql\u0259rin qaim\u0259si ofis\u0259 \u00e7atanda m\u00fchasib onu \u00fcmumi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 \u201cSantexnika materiallar\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131\u015f\u0131\u201d kimi qeyd edir; lakin m\u00fch\u0259ndis \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259min borular layih\u0259nin konkret bir zonas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas \u015faquli x\u0259ttin\u0259 (magistral stoyaka) aiddir. \u018fg\u0259r \u015firk\u0259td\u0259 \u0130\u015f B\u00f6lg\u00fcs\u00fc Strukturuna (WBS – Work Breakdown Structure) uy\u011funla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f vahid x\u0259rc kodla\u015fd\u0131rma sistemi yoxdursa, b\u00fcdc\u0259nin haradan s\u0131zd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 he\u00e7 kim d\u0259qiq bilm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259k.<\/p>\n

Bu sistem olmadan k\u0259nara\u00e7\u0131xmalar\u0131 a\u015fkar etm\u0259k c\u0259s\u0259d \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 tibbi ekspertiza aparma\u011fa b\u0259nz\u0259yir. Maliyy\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259ti canl\u0131 v\u0259 dinamik olmal\u0131d\u0131r. H\u0259r bir sifari\u015f v\u0259 avadanl\u0131q akt\u0131na x\u00fcsusi x\u0259rc kodlar\u0131 t\u0259yin etm\u0259kl\u0259, layih\u0259 m\u00fch\u0259ndisi v\u0259 \u015firk\u0259t r\u0259hb\u0259ri h\u0259r h\u0259ft\u0259nin sonunda analitik qrafikl\u0259r g\u00f6rm\u0259lidir: h\u0259r bir m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 tender smetas\u0131na uy\u011fundurmu, yoxsa sapma ba\u015f verir? B\u00f6hran\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 layih\u0259 t\u0259hvil veril\u0259nd\u0259n v\u0259 borclar y\u0131\u011f\u0131landan sonra deyil, i\u015fin gedi\u015fat\u0131nda almaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Subpodrat\u00e7\u0131lar<\/h2>\n

Nadir hallarda ba\u015f podrat\u00e7\u0131 b\u00f6y\u00fck bir binan\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rini \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn \u015ftatda olan daimi i\u015f\u00e7i q\u00fcvv\u0259si il\u0259 icra edir. Armatur\u00e7ulardan tutmu\u015f h\u00f6rg\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259r\u0259, fasad v\u0259 ventilyasiya qura\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r sah\u0259 subpodrat\u00e7\u0131lar \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259si il\u0259 idar\u0259 olunur. Subpodrat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n z\u0259if idar\u0259 edilm\u0259si ba\u015f \u015firk\u0259tin likvidliyini \u0259n tez t\u00fck\u0259ndir\u0259n amill\u0259rd\u0259n biridir.<\/p>\n

Avans v\u0259 Keyfiyy\u0259t T\u0259minat\u0131<\/h2>\n

Buradak\u0131 \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck s\u0259hv \u0259lyazma raz\u0131la\u015fmalar v\u0259 \u0259sass\u0131z avans \u00f6d\u0259ni\u015fl\u0259ridir. Sah\u0259 r\u0259isi \u201ci\u015f getsin dey\u0259\u201d avans ist\u0259yir, \u00f6d\u0259ni\u015fl\u0259r edilir v\u0259 tezlikl\u0259 \u00f6d\u0259nil\u0259n m\u0259bl\u0259\u011f faktiki g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u0259n i\u015fin d\u0259y\u0259rini \u00fcst\u0259l\u0259yir. Bu n\u00f6qt\u0259d\u0259 g\u00fcc balans\u0131 subpodrat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n xeyrin\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fir. \u018fg\u0259r briqadan\u0131n i\u015find\u0259 h\u0259nd\u0259si q\u00fcsurlar, \u0259yrilikl\u0259r v\u0259 ya keyfiyy\u0259tsizlik yaranarsa, subpodrat\u00e7\u0131 sah\u0259ni rahatca t\u0259rk ed\u0259 bil\u0259r, \u00e7\u00fcnki \u0259linizd\u0259 he\u00e7 bir t\u0259sir r\u0131\u00e7aq\u0131 qalm\u0131r. Ba\u015f \u015firk\u0259t is\u0259 q\u00fcsurlar\u0131n aradan qald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 yeni komanda tapmaq kimi a\u011f\u0131r maliyy\u0259 y\u00fck\u00fc il\u0259 t\u0259kba\u015f\u0131na qal\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Subpodrat\u00e7\u0131larla ba\u011flanan m\u00fcqavil\u0259l\u0259r son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259qiq olmal\u0131, keyfiyy\u0259t t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259rini b\u0259nd-b\u0259nd \u0259ks etdirm\u0259lidir. Texniki \u015f\u00f6b\u0259nin d\u0259qiq \u00e7\u00f6l \u00f6l\u00e7m\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 r\u0259smi t\u0259hvil-t\u0259slim akt\u0131 olmadan he\u00e7 bir \u00f6d\u0259ni\u015f edilm\u0259m\u0259lidir. M\u00fcqavil\u0259 m\u0259bl\u0259\u011find\u0259n m\u00fcnt\u0259z\u0259m olaraq tutulan keyfiyy\u0259t t\u0259minat\u0131 depoziti (retention money) \u2014 i\u015fl\u0259r tam t\u0259hvil veril\u0259n\u0259 v\u0259 q\u00fcsurlar aradan qald\u0131r\u0131lana q\u0259d\u0259r saxlan\u0131lmal\u0131, bu h\u0259m \u015firk\u0259tin maliyy\u0259 toxunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 i\u015fin keyfiyy\u0259tini s\u0131\u011fortalamal\u0131d\u0131r. Subpodrat\u00e7\u0131ya d\u0259y\u0259rli t\u0259r\u0259fda\u015f kimi yana\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131, lakin ciddi yoxlama olmadan he\u00e7 bir v\u0259sait burax\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ka\u011f\u0131z Qalxan<\/h2>\n

T\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259siz sah\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t\u00e7isi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u00fcnd\u0259lik icraat hesabat\u0131n\u0131 (Daily Report) doldurmaq dar\u0131xd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 v\u0259 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tsiz g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259 bil\u0259r \u2014 \u201chava g\u00fcn\u0259\u015flidir, i\u015fl\u0259r davam edir\u201d kimi t\u0259krarlanan c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t bir v\u0259r\u0259q. \u018fslind\u0259 is\u0259 g\u00fcnd\u0259lik hesabat \u015firk\u0259tin m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 v\u0259 arbitraj iclaslar\u0131nda \u0259n \u0259sas h\u00fcquqi qalxan\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

G\u00fcnd\u0259lik Hesabat v\u0259 S\u00fcbutlar\u0131n Qorunmas\u0131<\/h2>\n

Tikinti layih\u0259sinin icras\u0131 zaman\u0131 podrat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n n\u0259zar\u0259tind\u0259n k\u0259nar \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 hallar ba\u015f verir: q\u00fcll\u0259 kranlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fini dayand\u0131ran g\u00fccl\u00fc k\u00fcl\u0259k, leysan ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131, betonlaman\u0131 donduran k\u0259skin \u015faxta, sifari\u015f\u00e7inin d\u00fcz\u0259li\u015f edilmi\u015f \u00e7ertyojlar\u0131 gecikdirm\u0259si v\u0259 ya sah\u0259y\u0259 giri\u015f yollar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011flanmas\u0131. \u018fg\u0259r bu hadis\u0259l\u0259r h\u0259min g\u00fcn rezident n\u0259zar\u0259t\u00e7inin imzas\u0131 v\u0259 m\u00f6hk\u0259m s\u00fcbutlarla qeyd\u0259 al\u0131nmasa, layih\u0259nin sonunda unudulub ged\u0259c\u0259kdir.<\/p>\n

T\u0259hvil vaxt\u0131 \u00e7atd\u0131qda v\u0259 layih\u0259 m\u0259hz bu mane\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 aylarla gecikdikd\u0259, sifari\u015f\u00e7i d\u0259rhal c\u0259rim\u0259 sanksiyalar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015f\u0259 sal\u0131r v\u0259 z\u0259man\u0259t m\u0259bl\u0259\u011fl\u0259rind\u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck v\u0259saitl\u0259r k\u0259sir. Arbitraj iclaslar\u0131nda \u015fifahi iddialar he\u00e7 bir q\u00fcvv\u0259y\u0259 malik deyil; ekspertl\u0259r yaln\u0131z yaz\u0131l\u0131 s\u00fcbutlara bax\u0131rlar. K\u00fcl\u0259yin s\u00fcr\u0259tin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 kran\u0131n dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259sdiql\u0259y\u0259n akt \u015firk\u0259t \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00f6hk\u0259m h\u00fcquqi arqumentdir (Claim Management); bu s\u00fcbut \u015firk\u0259ti t\u0259kc\u0259 c\u0259rim\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n xilas etmir, h\u0259m d\u0259 h\u0259min g\u00fcnl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259n \u0259lav\u0259 idar\u0259etm\u0259 x\u0259rcl\u0259rini sifari\u015f\u00e7id\u0259n geri alma\u011fa imkan verir.<\/p>\n

Tikinti B\u0259yannam\u0259si<\/h2>\n

M\u00fcasir in\u015faat layih\u0259l\u0259ri xo\u015fm\u0259raml\u0131 n\u0259sih\u0259tl\u0259r v\u0259 nikbinlik \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 deyil; sah\u0259 intizam\u0131, m\u00fch\u0259ndislik hesablamalar\u0131 v\u0259 m\u00fcqavil\u0259 q\u0259tiyy\u0259ti \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259lir. Fiziki material n\u0259zar\u0259tini, bo\u015fdayanmalar\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131, layih\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259rinin c\u0259sar\u0259tl\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259sini, texniki \u015f\u00f6b\u0259 il\u0259 m\u00fchasibatl\u0131\u011f\u0131n inteqrasiyas\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 h\u00fcquqi arxivl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259ni t\u0259min ed\u0259n bir \u015firk\u0259t \u0259n s\u0259rt r\u0259qab\u0259t \u015f\u0259raitind\u0259 bel\u0259 \u00f6z m\u0259nf\u0259\u0259tini qoruyub saxlayacaqd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u018fsas Prinsipl\u0259r<\/h2>\n

Bu vizyonu \u015firk\u0259tin b\u00fct\u00fcn s\u0259viyy\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 a\u015f\u0131lamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259r bir layih\u0259d\u0259 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 t\u0259m\u0259l prinsip\u0259 \u0259m\u0259l olunmal\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n