Meqa-layih\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 biz h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 xarici amill\u0259rin \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 atma\u011fa al\u0131\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z qorxunc bir d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259nl\u0259 \u00fcz-\u00fcz\u0259 qal\u0131r\u0131q: \u00abGecikm\u0259\u00bb. Deyirik ki, sifari\u015f\u00e7i maliyy\u0259ni vaxt\u0131nda ay\u0131rmad\u0131, m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t\u00e7i-n\u0259zar\u0259t\u00e7i m\u00fch\u0259ndis (consultant) t\u0259sdiql\u0259ri l\u0259ngitdi, g\u00fccl\u00fc k\u00fcl\u0259k i\u015fi dayand\u0131rd\u0131 v\u0259 ya materiallar vaxt\u0131nda \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131. Lakin h\u0259qiq\u0259t budur ki, bunlar \u0259sl s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259r deyil, sad\u0259c\u0259 b\u0259han\u0259l\u0259rdir<\/strong>. Gecikm\u0259, mahiyy\u0259t etibaril\u0259, ba\u015f tutmam\u0131\u015f bir dialoqun<\/strong> n\u0259tic\u0259sidir.<\/p>\n G\u0259lin a\u00e7\u0131q dan\u0131\u015faq: tikinti layih\u0259l\u0259ri bir simfonik orkestr kimidir. Polad karkas v\u0259 metal konstruksiyalar\u0131n t\u0259dar\u00fck ritmi fasad m\u00fch\u0259ndisliyi il\u0259 uzla\u015fmayanda, yaranan s\u0259s musiqi yox, ancaq qulaqbat\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 s\u0259s-k\u00fcy olur. V\u0259 bizim \u00abgecikm\u0259\u00bb adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u015fey d\u0259 m\u0259hz h\u0259min s\u0259s-k\u00fcyd\u0259n ba\u015fqa bir \u015fey deyil.<\/p>\n M\u0259n h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 inan\u0131ram ki, meqa-layih\u0259l\u0259rin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259m\u0259xsus yadda\u015f\u0131 var. Onlar ilkin layih\u0259l\u0259ndirm\u0259 m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259dd\u00fcdl\u0259 v\u0259 qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nlikl\u0259 q\u0259bul edilmi\u015f h\u0259r bir q\u0259rar\u0131 yadda saxlay\u0131rlar. \u018fg\u0259r siz h\u0259min q\u0131z\u0131l ilkin g\u00fcnl\u0259rd\u0259 fasad\u0131n m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259 d\u00fcy\u00fcnl\u0259ri v\u0259 ya dam\u0131n konstruktiv \u00f6rt\u00fck detallar\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 q\u0259ti q\u0259rarlar verm\u0259k \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259, m\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti a\u011fr\u0131k\u0259sicil\u0259r\u0259 \u0259l atm\u0131s\u0131n\u0131zsa, h\u0259min layih\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 m\u00fctl\u0259q qay\u0131d\u0131b sizi c\u0259zaland\u0131racaqd\u0131r.<\/p>\n T\u0259xir\u0259 sal\u0131nm\u0131\u015f q\u0259rarlar uca da\u011f zirv\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259ki qara b\u0259nz\u0259yir: zaman ke\u00e7dikc\u0259 toplan\u0131r, k\u00fctl\u0259 y\u0131\u011f\u0131r v\u0259 n\u0259hay\u0259t b\u00fct\u00fcn a\u015f\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 ba\u011flayan n\u0259h\u0259ng bir u\u00e7quna \u00e7evrilir. Bak\u0131 kimi tarixi memarl\u0131qla \u0259n m\u00fcasir metal konstruksiyalar\u0131n v\u0259hd\u0259t t\u0259\u015fkil etdiyi bir \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259 biz m\u00fcasir tikinti tempini h\u0259ssas tarixi \u015f\u0259h\u0259r toxumas\u0131na t\u0259l\u0259sik s\u0131r\u0131ma\u011f\u0131n nec\u0259 a\u011f\u0131r gecikm\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b oldu\u011funu d\u0259f\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f\u00fck. Bu l\u0259ngim\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259nb\u0259l f\u0259hl\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 v\u0259 ya texniki s\u0259n\u0259tkarl\u0131q \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 he\u00e7 bir \u0259laq\u0259si yoxdur; onlar sad\u0259c\u0259 layih\u0259nin h\u0259qiqi h\u0259nd\u0259s\u0259sini d\u0259rk etm\u0259m\u0259kd\u0259n qaynaqlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n Biz meqapolisin m\u0259rk\u0259zind\u0259 ucalan m\u00f6ht\u0259\u015f\u0259m bir q\u00fcll\u0259ni \u015f\u0259h\u0259r k\u0259nar\u0131ndak\u0131 al\u00e7aqm\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259li ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f binas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259tbiq edil\u0259n eyni q\u0259lib v\u0259 formul il\u0259 icra etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanda u\u011fursuzlu\u011fa d\u00fc\u00e7ar oluruq. O q\u00fcll\u0259 n\u0259f\u0259s al\u0131r<\/em>. Onun m\u00fch\u0259ndislik d\u00f6z\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck h\u0259dl\u0259ri (toleranslar\u0131) tamamil\u0259 f\u0259rqlidir, materiallar\u0131 qat-qat h\u0259ssasd\u0131r v\u0259 onun daxili m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259bliyi nizam-intizaml\u0131, d\u0259rin t\u0259hlil t\u0259l\u0259b edir.<\/p>\n Bir layih\u0259ni xat\u0131rlay\u0131ram: q\u00fcll\u0259 kranlar\u0131n\u0131 yell\u0259d\u0259n d\u0259nizin g\u00fccl\u00fc gilavar v\u0259 x\u0259zri k\u00fcl\u0259kl\u0259ri h\u0259r k\u0259si b\u0259rk t\u0259\u015fvi\u015f\u0259 salm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. \u0130lk instinktiv reaksiya k\u00fcl\u0259kl\u0259 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 aparmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn daha a\u011f\u0131r v\u0259 bahal\u0131 texnika c\u0259lb etm\u0259k oldu. Lakin \u0259sl \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f yolu daha \u00e7ox ma\u015f\u0131n-mexanizm g\u0259tirm\u0259k deyildi; \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f yolu intellektual ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131q v\u0259 d\u00fczg\u00fcn qrafikl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259<\/strong> idi. Biz i\u015f qrafikini el\u0259 yenid\u0259n qurduq ki, X\u0259z\u0259rin k\u00fcl\u0259kl\u0259ri pik h\u0259dd\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131\u011f\u0131 saatlarda h\u00fcnd\u00fcrl\u00fckd\u0259ki b\u00fct\u00fcn montaj i\u015fl\u0259ri dayand\u0131r\u0131ls\u0131n v\u0259 briqadalar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 daxili m\u00fch\u0259ndis-kommunikasiya \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259l\u0259rinin (MEP) ilkin qura\u015fd\u0131rma i\u015fl\u0259rin\u0259 y\u00f6n\u0259ldilsin. Biz k\u00fcl\u0259kl\u0259 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fm\u0259dik; biz i\u015f ax\u0131n\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 t\u0259bii \u015f\u0259raitl\u0259 uzla\u015fd\u0131rd\u0131q.<\/p>\n Gecikm\u0259l\u0259rin idar\u0259 olunmas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sl mahiyy\u0259ti m\u0259hz budur. Layih\u0259ni kobud g\u00fcc t\u0259tbiq etm\u0259kl\u0259 ir\u0259li it\u0259l\u0259m\u0259k \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259 \u2014 ki bu yaln\u0131z konstruktiv s\u00fcrt\u00fcnm\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 iflasa g\u0259tirib \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131r \u2014 siz layih\u0259nin t\u0259bii impulsunun hans\u0131 istiqam\u0259t\u0259 y\u00f6n\u0259lm\u0259k ist\u0259diyini m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n etm\u0259lisiniz.<\/p>\n Bir g\u00fcn g\u00fcnortadan sonra, d\u0259niz sahilind\u0259 a\u011f\u0131r metal konstruksiyalar\u0131n montaj\u0131n\u0131 apard\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir sah\u0259d\u0259 g\u0259nc sah\u0259 m\u00fch\u0259ndisi h\u0259y\u0259canla m\u0259n\u0259 yax\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131: \u00abS\u00fctunlar\u0131n polad elementl\u0259ri sah\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131lmay\u0131b, n\u0259zar\u0259t\u00e7i m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t\u00e7i m\u00fch\u0259ndis ke\u00e7id tirl\u0259rinin (transfer beams) birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259 \u00e7ertyojlar\u0131n\u0131 h\u0259l\u0259 t\u0259sdiql\u0259m\u0259yib v\u0259 subpodrat\u00e7\u0131 kran\u0131n bo\u015f dayanmas\u0131ndan \u015fikay\u0259tl\u0259nir.\u00bb<\/p>\n Bu m\u0259nz\u0259r\u0259 dem\u0259k olar ki, h\u0259r bir meqa-layih\u0259nin t\u0259krar olunan na\u011f\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Tikinti sektorunda bizim \u00ab\u015firin t\u0259xir\u0259salma\u00bb<\/strong> adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m olduqca t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259li bir v\u0259rdi\u015fimiz var.<\/p>\n Layih\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259ri \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 t\u0259s\u0259lli verir ki, daxili t\u0259mir-tamamlama (fit-out) detallar\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 bu g\u00fcn q\u0259rar verm\u0259s\u0259 d\u0259 olar, \u00e7\u00fcnki konstruksiyan\u0131n tamamlanmas\u0131na (top-out) h\u0259l\u0259 aylar var. \u00d6z\u00fcn\u00fc inand\u0131r\u0131r: \u00ab\u0130ndi vaxt\u0131 deyil\u00bb,<\/em> \u00abH\u0259l\u0259 \u00e7ox tezdir\u00bb<\/em> v\u0259 ya \u00abQoy memarl\u0131q komandas\u0131 son d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259ri tamamlas\u0131n, sonra baxar\u0131q\u00bb.<\/em> Bunlar sad\u0259c\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc aldatmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 edil\u0259n plasebolard\u0131r. Yar\u0131m\u00e7\u0131q q\u0259rarlar layih\u0259nin struktur dinamikas\u0131n\u0131 daxild\u0259n g\u0259mirib yox edir.<\/p>\n Siz t\u0259mir-tamamlama v\u0259 ya qov\u015faq detal\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 q\u0259rar\u0131 g\u0259l\u0259n aya ke\u00e7ir\u0259nd\u0259, \u0259slind\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u0259chizat z\u0259nciriniz\u0259 bel\u0259 bir \u0259m\u0259liyyat siqnal\u0131 \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz: \u00abT\u0259l\u0259sm\u0259y\u0259 ehtiyac yoxdur\u00bb.<\/em> T\u0259chizat z\u0259nciri d\u0259 buna d\u0259rhal \u0259m\u0259l edir: istehsal\u00e7\u0131lar sifari\u015fi icraat plan\u0131nda arxaya at\u0131r, prokat zavodlar\u0131 x\u0259tl\u0259rini ba\u015fqa sifari\u015fl\u0259r\u0259 y\u00f6n\u0259ldir v\u0259 siz n\u0259hay\u0259t h\u0259min i\u015f paketin\u0259 ba\u015flama\u011fa haz\u0131r olduqda g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz ki, laz\u0131m olan materiallar on iki h\u0259ft\u0259lik istehsal n\u00f6vb\u0259sinin arxas\u0131nda ili\u015fib qal\u0131b.<\/p>\n D\u0259niz k\u00fcl\u0259kl\u0259rinin sah\u0259 \u015f\u0259raitini m\u00fct\u0259madi olaraq d\u0259yi\u015fdirdiyi tarixi \u015f\u0259h\u0259r m\u00fchitind\u0259 h\u0259r bir x\u0131rda q\u0259rar bel\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck \u00e7\u0259kiy\u0259 malikdir. Siz yekun t\u0259sdiqi olmayan m\u00fch\u0259ndislik f\u0259rziyy\u0259l\u0259ri \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 konstruktiv bir s\u00fctunu qald\u0131ra bilm\u0259zsiniz. U\u011furlu layih\u0259l\u0259r daha s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t ed\u0259nl\u0259r deyil; onlar q\u0259rarlar\u0131 daha tez q\u0259bul ed\u0259nl\u0259rdir<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Bel\u0259 \u015f\u0259raitd\u0259 m\u0259nim r\u0259hb\u0259rlik prinsipim S\u00fcni Qrafik S\u0131xla\u015fd\u0131rmas\u0131 (Artificial Schedule Compression)<\/strong> yana\u015fmas\u0131na \u0259saslan\u0131r.<\/p>\n M\u0259n layih\u0259 komandalar\u0131m\u0131 davaml\u0131 olaraq bu sualla s\u0131na\u011fa \u00e7\u0259kir\u0259m: \u00abF\u0259rz edin ki, layih\u0259nin yekun t\u0259hvil tarixi \u00fc\u00e7 ay ir\u0259li \u00e7\u0259kilib. D\u0259rhal h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t\u0259 ke\u00e7m\u0259li oldu\u011funuz kritik yolunuz hans\u0131d\u0131r?\u00bb<\/em> Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259 t\u0259rzi q\u0259rarverm\u0259 iflicini darmada\u011f\u0131n edir. Bir m\u00fch\u0259ndis son icra tarixinin sabah oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259si il\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259nd\u0259, o art\u0131q x\u0131rda konstruktiv birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259r \u00fczr\u0259 m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t\u00e7i m\u00fch\u0259ndisin t\u0259sdiqini passiv \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 g\u00f6zl\u0259mir; m\u0259suliyy\u0259ti \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr, i\u015f\u00e7i \u00e7ertyojlar\u0131n (shop drawings) detallar\u0131n\u0131 tamamlay\u0131r v\u0259 t\u0259sdiq prosesini q\u0259tiyy\u0259tl\u0259 ir\u0259li apar\u0131r. O g\u00f6zl\u0259mir, o qabaqlay\u0131r.<\/p>\n Burada m\u0259nim diqq\u0259t m\u0259rk\u0259zimd\u0259 ali r\u0259hb\u0259rlik v\u0259 ya layih\u0259 investoru deyil; m\u0259nim diqq\u0259tim canl\u0131 tikinti sah\u0259sind\u0259 add\u0131mlayan pe\u015f\u0259kardad\u0131r. \u018fg\u0259r h\u0259ft\u0259lik iclas protokollar\u0131n\u0131zda h\u0259r hans\u0131 bir texniki m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 \u2014 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, fasad kabell\u0259rinin mar\u015frutu v\u0259 ya yan\u011f\u0131ns\u00f6nd\u00fcrm\u0259 dikborular\u0131n\u0131n detallar\u0131 \u2014 ard\u0131c\u0131l \u00fc\u00e7 h\u0259ft\u0259dir ki, \u00ab\u0130crada\u00bb (In Progress) statusunda qal\u0131rsa, bilin ki, siz a\u00e7\u0131q \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 kritik bir gecikm\u0259y\u0259 do\u011fru add\u0131mlay\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z. O m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 icra olunmur; o, sad\u0259c\u0259 arxivd\u0259 m\u0259hv olur.<\/p>\n Y\u00fcks\u0259k m\u0259suliyy\u0259t t\u0259l\u0259b ed\u0259n idar\u0259etm\u0259d\u0259 qalib liderl\u0259r a\u00e7\u0131q texniki sor\u011fulara (RFI) bir infeksiya kimi yana\u015f\u0131rlar: onlar\u0131 d\u0259rhal aradan qald\u0131r\u0131rlar. \u018fg\u0259r x\u0131rda bir detal\u0131 h\u0259ll etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00fc\u00e7 birba\u015fa telefon z\u0259ngi etm\u0259k v\u0259 ya birba\u015fa layih\u0259\u00e7inin ofisin\u0259 getm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131rsa, bunu d\u0259rhal edin. Qurumdaxili s\u00fckutun gizli maya d\u0259y\u0259ri minl\u0259rl\u0259 ton konstruktiv polad\u0131n qiym\u0259tind\u0259n qat-qat bahad\u0131r.<\/p>\n S\u00fcr\u0259tli \u015f\u0259h\u0259r inki\u015faf\u0131n\u0131n b\u0259l\u0259diyy\u0259 infrastrukturuna fasil\u0259siz t\u0259zyiq g\u00f6st\u0259rdiyi \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259 layih\u0259 vaxt\u0131 sizin b\u0259rpa olunmayan yegan\u0259 aktivinizdir. Layih\u0259ni passiv s\u0259birl\u0259 idar\u0259 etm\u0259k h\u0259min aktiv\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 \u0259m\u0259liyyat x\u0259yan\u0259tidir.<\/p>\n Sah\u0259d\u0259 Gecikm\u0259l\u0259rin Ovuna \u00c7\u0131xmaq: Niy\u0259 Ofisd\u0259n K\u0259nara \u00c7\u0131xmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z?<\/strong><\/p>\n A\u011f\u0131r tikinti sah\u0259sind\u0259 amans\u0131z bir h\u0259qiq\u0259t var: Layih\u0259nin icraat hesabatlar\u0131 reall\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u0259n optimist versiyas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259qdim edir.<\/strong> Kondisionerli ofis konteynerind\u0259 oturub Qantt qrafikl\u0259rin\u0259 v\u0259 r\u0259ngar\u0259ng S-\u0259yril\u0259rin\u0259 baxanda h\u0259r \u015fey qaydas\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259 bil\u0259r. Lakin layih\u0259nin \u0259sl durumu he\u00e7 vaxt ka\u011f\u0131z \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 \u0259ks olunmur; o, yaln\u0131z canl\u0131 tikinti meydan\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n tozunda v\u0259 g\u0259rginliyind\u0259 hiss edilir.<\/p>\n M\u0259n komandalar\u0131ma h\u0259r zaman deyir\u0259m: \u00ab\u018fg\u0259r gecikm\u0259l\u0259ri kritik yola d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259zd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l yaxalamaq ist\u0259yirsinizs\u0259, sah\u0259ni bir m\u00fcst\u0259ntiq kimi g\u0259zm\u0259lisiniz\u00bb.<\/em><\/p>\n Bu, adi bir yoxlama deyil. Standart yoxlama sad\u0259c\u0259 tikinti norma v\u0259 qaydalar\u0131n\u0131n (SNiP \/ Eurocode) pozulmas\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 uy\u011funsuzluqlar\u0131 axtarmaqd\u0131r. Bu is\u0259 Aktiv Sah\u0259 \u0130\u015ftirak\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong> \u2014 i\u015fin \u0259m\u0259liyyat ritmini dinl\u0259m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn meydan\u00e7an\u0131 add\u0131m-add\u0131m dola\u015fmaqd\u0131r. M\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259l\u0259ri g\u0259z\u0259rk\u0259n veril\u0259n status hesabatlar\u0131na deyil, i\u015fd\u0259 yaranan fasil\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 dayanmalara qulaq as\u0131n.<\/p>\n Fasad qura\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0259nara y\u0131\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131b s\u00f6hb\u0259t etdiyini g\u00f6r\u0259nd\u0259 sual \u00abBunlar niy\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259mir?\u00bb<\/em> olmamal\u0131d\u0131r. \u018fsl sual budur: \u00abOnlar\u0131 dayand\u0131ran hans\u0131 \u0259m\u0259liyyat darbo\u011faz\u0131d\u0131r?\u00bb<\/em> Avtokran gecikib? Anker b\u0259rkitm\u0259 detallar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ertyojlar\u0131 qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259ndir? Yoxsa onlar\u0131n dinamometrik a\u00e7arlar\u0131 v\u0259 ya x\u00fcsusi t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik t\u0259chizatlar\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fm\u0131r?<\/p>\n Gecikm\u0259 m\u0259hz bel\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tsizlik anlar\u0131nda ham\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fc qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda gizl\u0259nir.<\/p>\n Tarixi toxuma il\u0259 m\u00fcasir \u00fcst-qurulu\u015flar\u0131n birl\u0259\u015fdiyi m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b layih\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 m\u0259nim sah\u0259 bax\u0131\u015flar\u0131m s\u0259rt bir intizama tabedir: m\u0259n sistemli s\u00fcrt\u00fcnm\u0259l\u0259ri<\/strong> axtar\u0131ram. \u018fg\u0259r he\u00e7 bir \u0259m\u0259liyyat z\u0259rur\u0259ti olmadan \u0259sas n\u0259qliyyat yollar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u011flayan n\u0259h\u0259ng material y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fczs\u0259, sah\u0259nin h\u0259min zonas\u0131 iflic olub dem\u0259kdir. Siz logistik laqeydlik ucbat\u0131ndan istehsal g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6z \u0259linizl\u0259 s\u0131radan \u00e7\u0131xarm\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n Sahild\u0259 g\u00fccl\u00fc k\u00fcl\u0259kl\u0259r ba\u015flayanda \u0259sas t\u0259qvim qrafikin\u0259 deyil, sah\u0259 r\u0259isin\u0259 (proraba) bax\u0131n. O, i\u015f\u00e7i q\u00fcvv\u0259sini operativ \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 dig\u0259r t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259siz i\u015fl\u0259r\u0259 y\u00f6nl\u0259ndirir, yoxsa sad\u0259c\u0259 k\u00fcl\u0259yin k\u0259silm\u0259sini g\u00f6zl\u0259yir? Gecikm\u0259l\u0259rin qabaqlay\u0131c\u0131 idar\u0259 olunmas\u0131 bo\u015f dayanma vaxt\u0131n\u0131n sistemli \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 m\u0259hsuldar n\u0259tic\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7evrilm\u0259sidir. \u018fg\u0259r g\u00fccl\u00fc k\u00fcl\u0259k h\u00fcnd\u00fcrl\u00fckd\u0259 kran \u0259m\u0259liyyatlar\u0131n\u0131 dayand\u0131r\u0131bsa, i\u015f\u00e7i q\u00fcvv\u0259sini anbarlara, yerd\u0259 ilkin y\u0131\u011fma (pre-assembly) sah\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 v\u0259 ya a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259ki MEP i\u015fl\u0259rin\u0259 ke\u00e7irm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn strukturla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir plan\u0131n\u0131z varm\u0131?<\/p>\n Layih\u0259 R\u0259hb\u0259rinin Ver\u0259 Bil\u0259c\u0259yi \u018fn G\u00fccl\u00fc Sual<\/strong><\/p>\n Layih\u0259 idar\u0259\u00e7iliyi v\u0259 d\u0259y\u0259r m\u00fch\u0259ndisliyi (Value Engineering) sah\u0259sind\u0259ki f\u0259aliyy\u0259tim boyu m\u0259n h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 t\u0259m\u0259l bir suala arxalanm\u0131\u015fam. Tikinti sah\u0259sini g\u0259z\u0259rk\u0259n dayanm\u0131\u015f bir i\u015fl\u0259 v\u0259 ya h\u0259ll olunmam\u0131\u015f bir probleml\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131qda, m\u0259n he\u00e7 vaxt: \u00abNiy\u0259 qrafikd\u0259n geri qal\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z?\u00bb<\/em> sual\u0131n\u0131 vermir\u0259m. Bu sual d\u0259rhal m\u00fcdafi\u0259 instinkti v\u0259 g\u00fcnah\u0131 ba\u015fqas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 atmaq meyli yarad\u0131r. \u018fv\u0259zind\u0259 m\u0259n bel\u0259 soru\u015furam:<\/p>\n \u00ab\u0130\u015fi ir\u0259li aparma\u011f\u0131n\u0131za haz\u0131rda n\u0259 v\u0259 ya kim mane olur?\u00bb<\/strong><\/p>\n Bu birc\u0259 sual b\u00fct\u00fcn dinamikan\u0131 tamamil\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fir. Cavab h\u0259r zaman \u0259sl k\u00f6k s\u0259b\u0259bi \u00fcz\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131r: qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n m\u00fch\u0259ndislik \u00e7ertyojlar\u0131, m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t\u00e7inin t\u0259sdiql\u0259m\u0259diyi s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259r v\u0259 ya s\u0131radan \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015f avadanl\u0131q. H\u0259min anda siz gecikm\u0259l\u0259rin arxas\u0131nca qa\u00e7an reaktiv menecer olmaqdan \u00e7\u0131x\u0131b, kritik mane\u0259l\u0259ri aradan qald\u0131ran aktiv problem h\u0259llediciy\u0259 \u00e7evrilirsiniz. \u0130mpulsunu qoruyan layih\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 s\u00fcrt\u00fcnm\u0259l\u0259r alt\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6k\u0259n layih\u0259l\u0259r aras\u0131ndak\u0131 fundamental f\u0259rq m\u0259hz budur.<\/p>\n Unutmay\u0131n: tikinti sah\u0259si canl\u0131 bir ekosistemdir. \u0130\u015f ax\u0131nlar\u0131 bir-birin\u0259 s\u00fcrt\u00fcn\u0259n pasl\u0131 di\u015fli \u00e7arxlar t\u0259siri ba\u011f\u0131\u015flay\u0131rsa, dem\u0259li, g\u0259l\u0259n ay\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fck gecikm\u0259si art\u0131q indid\u0259n k\u00f6k sal\u0131r. Bunu t\u0259sdiql\u0259m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ay\u0131n sonundak\u0131 ir\u0259lil\u0259yi\u015f \u0259yrisini g\u00f6zl\u0259m\u0259yin. G\u0259l\u0259n ay\u0131n qrafik yay\u0131nmas\u0131 art\u0131q bug\u00fcnk\u00fc sah\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259dd\u00fcdl\u0259rind\u0259 v\u0259 \u0259m\u0259liyyat qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nliyind\u0259 gizl\u0259nib.<\/p>\n T\u0259chizat Z\u0259nciri Darbo\u011faza \u00c7evril\u0259nd\u0259<\/strong><\/p>\n Meqa-layih\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 \u0259n kritik gecikm\u0259l\u0259r \u00e7ox vaxt sat\u0131nalma v\u0259 logistika z\u0259ncirind\u0259 formala\u015f\u0131r v\u0259 art\u0131q gec olana q\u0259d\u0259r g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259z qal\u0131r. H\u0259r k\u0259sin diqq\u0259ti sah\u0259d\u0259ki g\u00f6zl\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n icraya y\u00f6n\u0259lir: metal karkaslar, fasad panell\u0259ri, beton t\u00f6k\u00fcml\u0259ri v\u0259 m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259li t\u0259hvildarlar. Lakin bu g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259nin alt\u0131nda olduqca h\u0259ssas bir \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 dayan\u0131r: layih\u0259 i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131, sat\u0131nalma sifari\u015fl\u0259ri, material t\u0259sdiql\u0259ri, logistika d\u0259hlizl\u0259ri, g\u00f6mr\u00fck r\u0259smil\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si v\u0259 m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b t\u0259dar\u00fck m\u00fcdd\u0259tl\u0259ri (lead time) z\u0259nciri. \u018fg\u0259r birc\u0259 h\u0259lq\u0259 q\u0131r\u0131larsa, b\u00fct\u00fcn layih\u0259 m\u0259hz h\u0259min elementin ucbat\u0131ndan dayan\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u018fsas problem o zaman yaran\u0131r ki, komandalar t\u0259chizata adi bir ofis-inzibati i\u015f kimi yana\u015f\u0131rlar. Halbuki t\u0259chizat aktiv bir \u0259m\u0259liyyat c\u0259bh\u0259sidir. X\u00fcsusi bir anker boltu, x\u00fcsusi k\u0259simli metal profil v\u0259 ya texniki \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259ri d\u0259qiql\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259mi\u015f uzun t\u0259dar\u00fck m\u00fcdd\u0259tli MEP avadanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 h\u0259ft\u0259lik sah\u0259 i\u015fini asanl\u0131qla iflic ed\u0259 bil\u0259r \u2014 \u00f6z m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259bliyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 deyil, riskin \u00e7ox gec a\u015fkarland\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259.<\/p>\n Bir \u00e7ox layih\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck gecikm\u0259l\u0259rin sah\u0259d\u0259 deyil, layih\u0259l\u0259ndirm\u0259 ofisind\u0259 \u2014 kimins\u0259: \u00abG\u0259lin o sat\u0131nalma paketini h\u0259l\u0259lik t\u0259xir\u0259 salaq\u00bb<\/em> dediyi h\u0259min anda ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u015fahidi olmu\u015fam. Tikinti idar\u0259\u00e7iliyind\u0259 \u00absonra\u00bb h\u0259r zaman \u00abindi\u00bbd\u0259n qat-qat bahad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n T\u0259k M\u0259nb\u0259d\u0259n As\u0131l\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n Kritik Riski<\/strong><\/p>\n Tez-tez rast g\u0259lin\u0259n s\u0259hvl\u0259rd\u0259n biri layih\u0259ni yaln\u0131z bir istehsal\u00e7\u0131ya, bir logistika mar\u015frutuna v\u0259 ya bir t\u0259chizat\u00e7\u0131ya ba\u011flamaqd\u0131r. \u015e\u0259rtl\u0259r sabit qald\u0131qca bu z\u0259iflik hiss olunmur. Lakin g\u00f6zl\u0259nilm\u0259z bir mane\u0259 yaranan kimi \u2014 da\u015f\u0131ma b\u00f6hran\u0131, g\u00f6mr\u00fck l\u0259ngim\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 ya xammal q\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kimi \u2014 h\u0259r \u015feyi n\u0259zar\u0259td\u0259 saxlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u0259n komanda bird\u0259n-bir\u0259 tamamil\u0259 \u00e7ar\u0259siz qald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlay\u0131r.<\/p>\n X\u00fcsusil\u0259 infrastruktur t\u0259l\u0259bat\u0131 y\u00fcks\u0259k olan v\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fcy\u0259n iri m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259rd\u0259ki meqa-layih\u0259l\u0259r s\u0259rt bir \u0259m\u0259liyyat intizam\u0131na riay\u0259t etm\u0259lidir: \u00c7oxkanall\u0131 strateji planla\u015fd\u0131rma.<\/strong> Material t\u0259chizat\u0131nda he\u00e7 vaxt yaln\u0131z bir kritik yola g\u00fcv\u0259nm\u0259yin. \u018fg\u0259r \u0259sas logistika x\u0259tti dayanarsa, alternativ t\u0259chizat kanal\u0131 art\u0131q t\u0259sdiql\u0259nmi\u015f v\u0259 haz\u0131r v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu sad\u0259c\u0259 texniki riskl\u0259rin idar\u0259 edilm\u0259si deyil; bu, layih\u0259nin sa\u011f qalma m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sidir.<\/p>\n A\u00e7\u0131q Saxlama Meydan\u00e7alar\u0131 Layih\u0259nin Yadda\u015f\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00c7oxlar\u0131 material saxlama meydan\u00e7alar\u0131na sad\u0259c\u0259 y\u00fckl\u0259rin y\u0131\u011f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 passiv bir \u0259razi kimi bax\u0131rlar. \u018fslind\u0259 is\u0259 bu meydan\u00e7alar layih\u0259nin fiziki yadda\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. \u018fg\u0259r inventarizasiya d\u00fczg\u00fcn apar\u0131lm\u0131rsa, h\u0259ssas materiallar a\u00e7\u0131q hava \u015f\u0259raitin\u0259 m\u0259ruz qal\u0131rsa v\u0259 ya sah\u0259daxili h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t yollar\u0131 k\u0259silirs\u0259, layih\u0259 bunun b\u0259d\u0259lini a\u011f\u0131r dayanma m\u00fcdd\u0259tl\u0259ri il\u0259 \u00f6d\u0259y\u0259c\u0259kdir.<\/p>\n Problem nadir hallarda material\u0131n tam yoxlu\u011fundan qaynaqlan\u0131r; \u0259sas problem material\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259zliyidir. Laz\u0131mi detal anbarda var, lakin onun harada v\u0259 hans\u0131 v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259 oldu\u011funu he\u00e7 kim d\u0259qiq bilmir. V\u0259 ya o, polad karkas ba\u011flamalar\u0131n\u0131n arxas\u0131nda qal\u0131b v\u0259 onu \u00e7\u0131xarmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u00fcnl\u0259rl\u0259 vaxt v\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 yerd\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259b olunur. Bunlar x\u0131rda logistika detallar\u0131 kimi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259 bil\u0259r, lakin kritik t\u0259hvil m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 onlar \u0259sas h\u0259d\u0259fl\u0259ri dondurur.<\/p>\n Gecikm\u0259 Adil\u0259\u015f\u0259nd\u0259 \u00d6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl Olur<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00c7\u0259tinlik \u00e7\u0259k\u0259n bir \u00e7ox layih\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 ilk iki g\u00fcnl\u00fck l\u0259ngim\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck h\u0259y\u0259canla qar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r. Lakin zaman ke\u00e7dikc\u0259 gecikm\u0259 g\u00fcnd\u0259lik normaya \u00e7evrilir. T\u0259\u015fkilat xroniki gecikm\u0259l\u0259r daxilind\u0259 ya\u015fama\u011fa al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Bu, layih\u0259nin t\u0259n\u0259zz\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259n t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259li m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sidir: komanda art\u0131q sad\u0259c\u0259 qrafikd\u0259n geri qalm\u0131r; o, qrafikd\u0259n geri qalma\u011f\u0131 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t olaraq adil\u0259\u015fdirir.<\/p>\n Qrafik yay\u0131nmas\u0131 adil\u0259\u015fdikd\u0259n sonra keyfiyy\u0259t\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t qa\u00e7\u0131lmaz olaraq z\u0259ifl\u0259yir. \u0130\u015fl\u0259r bir-biri il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259siz m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259sik icra olunur, m\u00fch\u0259ndislik koordinasiyas\u0131 pozulur v\u0259 komandalar yaln\u0131z b\u0259han\u0259l\u0259r g\u0259tirm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r. Sistemli \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 ir\u0259lil\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 qadir olan bir layih\u0259 plans\u0131z v\u0259 gecikmi\u015f reaksiyalar toplusuna \u00e7evrilir.<\/p>\n Nizam-intizaml\u0131 idar\u0259etm\u0259 h\u0259r bir ki\u00e7ik yay\u0131nman\u0131n el\u0259 ilk g\u00fcnd\u0259n qeyd\u0259 al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 aradan qald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b edir. Bu, c\u0259zaland\u0131rmaq v\u0259 ya g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc xatirin\u0259 deyil, layih\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tinin gecikm\u0259ni standart i\u015f prinsipi kimi q\u0259bul etm\u0259sinin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn vacibdir.<\/p>\n \u00d6l\u00fc Vaxt: Layih\u0259l\u0259rin N\u0259f\u0259s Ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 ya Qan \u0130tirdiyi Anlar<\/strong><\/p>\n A\u011f\u0131r tikintid\u0259 ir\u0259lil\u0259yi\u015f he\u00e7 vaxt tam x\u0259tti olmur. Sah\u0259d\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259tin tamamil\u0259 dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 x\u00fcsusi n\u00f6vb\u0259l\u0259r, hava p\u0259nc\u0259r\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 ke\u00e7id m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri olur. Lakin fiziki montaj\u0131n dayanmas\u0131 m\u00fctl\u0259q layih\u0259 tempinin itirilm\u0259si dem\u0259k deyil. \u018fks\u0259r hallarda layih\u0259 bo\u015f g\u00f6zl\u0259m\u0259l\u0259r ucbat\u0131ndan sad\u0259c\u0259 kritik g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc itirir.<\/p>\n Bu \u00ab\u00f6l\u00fc vaxt\u00bb p\u0259nc\u0259r\u0259l\u0259ri ad\u0259t\u0259n briqadalar texniki bax\u0131\u015f t\u0259sdiqini, material \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, m\u00fch\u0259ndislik sor\u011fusunun (RFI) cavab\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 ya i\u015f t\u0259hvilini g\u00f6zl\u0259y\u0259rk\u0259n yaran\u0131r. Sah\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi g\u00f6zl\u0259dikl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn he\u00e7 bir i\u015fin g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259yini z\u0259nn edir. Bu, \u00e7ox b\u00f6y\u00fck idar\u0259etm\u0259 x\u0259tas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6l\u00fc vaxt \u0259rzind\u0259 layih\u0259 dondurulmamal\u0131, \u0259ksin\u0259 dinamik \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 yenid\u0259n qrafikl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n \u018fg\u0259r \u015fidd\u0259tli k\u00fcl\u0259k s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259klikd\u0259 kran i\u015fl\u0259ri dayand\u0131r\u0131l\u0131bsa, sah\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi istiqam\u0259ti d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259lidir: saxlama sah\u0259l\u0259ri s\u0259liq\u0259y\u0259 sal\u0131na bil\u0259r, yerd\u0259 metal konstruksiyalar\u0131n ilkin montaj\u0131 apar\u0131la bil\u0259r, MEP x\u0259tl\u0259rinin mar\u015frutlar\u0131 yoxlan\u0131la bil\u0259r v\u0259 ya i\u015f\u00e7i \u00e7ertyojlar k\u0259si\u015fm\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 (clash detection) qar\u015f\u0131 t\u0259krar n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n ke\u00e7iril\u0259 bil\u0259r. \u018fg\u0259r mexaniki avadanl\u0131q paketi h\u0259l\u0259 \u00e7atmay\u0131bsa, ke\u00e7id yollar\u0131, qald\u0131rma ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fm\u0259 zonalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259ri yoxlan\u0131la bil\u0259r. Bir i\u015f c\u0259bh\u0259si ba\u011flananda, m\u00fctl\u0259q alternativ c\u0259bh\u0259l\u0259r aktivl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n T\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259siz menecerl\u0259r \u00f6l\u00fc vaxt\u0131 z\u0259ruri s\u0259birl\u0259 s\u0259hv sal\u0131rlar. T\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259li menecerl\u0259r is\u0259 i\u015f\u00e7i q\u00fcvv\u0259sini, diqq\u0259ti v\u0259 kritik yol prioritetl\u0259rini d\u00fczg\u00fcn b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr\u0259r\u0259k \u00f6l\u00fc vaxt\u0131 m\u0259hsuldar i\u015f\u0259 \u00e7evirirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n G\u00f6zl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 M\u0259hkum Olan Layih\u0259 Geri Qalma\u011fa M\u0259hkumdur<\/strong><\/p>\n G\u00f6zl\u0259m\u0259k xroniki hal alanda, o, t\u0259\u015fkilati bir v\u0259rdi\u015f\u0259 \u00e7evrilir. G\u00f6zl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f layih\u0259 art\u0131q \u00f6z\u00fc ir\u0259lil\u0259y\u0259 bilmir v\u0259 ir\u0259li getm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn tamamil\u0259 k\u0259nar t\u0259zyiql\u0259rd\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 v\u0259ziyy\u0259t\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Onun daxili h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tverici q\u00fcvv\u0259si s\u00f6n\u00fcr.<\/p>\n \u00c7\u0131x\u0131\u015f yolu h\u0259r sah\u0259y\u0259 kor-koran\u0259 t\u0259zyiq g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259k deyil. \u018fsas m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 hans\u0131 i\u015f paketl\u0259rinin h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n k\u0259nar amill\u0259rd\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011funu v\u0259 hans\u0131 i\u015f ax\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n fasil\u0259siz ir\u0259lil\u0259y\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259yini d\u0259qiq ay\u0131rd etm\u0259kdir. Bu f\u0259rq inc\u0259, lakin h\u0259yati \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t\u0259 malikdir. Bu, n\u0259zar\u0259td\u0259 olan layih\u0259 idar\u0259\u00e7iliyi il\u0259 t\u00fck\u0259ndirici s\u00fcrt\u00fcnm\u0259 m\u00fcharib\u0259si aras\u0131ndak\u0131 d\u0259qiq s\u0259rh\u0259ddir.<\/p>\n \u0130nsan Faktoru v\u0259 Ritmi: Layih\u0259l\u0259r Niy\u0259 T\u00fck\u0259nir?<\/strong><\/p>\n Tikinti idar\u0259\u00e7iliyind\u0259ki \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck analitik s\u0259hv i\u015f\u00e7i q\u00fcvv\u0259sin\u0259 abstrakt r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259r kimi baxmaqd\u0131r. Biz c\u0259dv\u0259ll\u0259ri i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131 il\u0259 doldururuq, adam-saatlar\u0131 hesablay\u0131r\u0131q v\u0259 istehsal\u0131n n\u0259z\u0259ri model\u0259 uy\u011fun ged\u0259c\u0259yini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u00fck. Lakin layih\u0259l\u0259rin canl\u0131 insan ritmi var. Layih\u0259 komandas\u0131 bir orkestr kimidir: \u0259g\u0259r ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 sah\u0259l\u0259r aras\u0131nda ah\u0259ng yoxdursa, \u0259n pe\u015f\u0259kar m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t komanda bel\u0259 ancaq s\u0259s-k\u00fcy yaradacaq.<\/p>\n \u0130nsan amilind\u0259n qaynaqlanan gecikm\u0259l\u0259r \u00e7ox vaxt koordinasiya iclaslar\u0131ndak\u0131 s\u0259ssiz t\u0259r\u0259dd\u00fcdl\u0259rd\u0259 formala\u015f\u0131r: m\u00fch\u0259ndis \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259l\u0259ri oldu\u011fu halda susanda, sah\u0259l\u0259raras\u0131 k\u0259si\u015fm\u0259l\u0259r baha ba\u015fa g\u0259l\u0259n yenid\u0259n-i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olanda v\u0259 q\u0259rarverm\u0259 yor\u011funlu\u011fu r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi \u00e7\u0259tin q\u0259rarlar\u0131 n\u00f6vb\u0259ti iclasa saxlama\u011fa vadar ed\u0259nd\u0259.<\/p>\n Dialoqun \u0130flas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n Artan gecikm\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 \u00fczl\u0259\u015f\u0259n layih\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 dem\u0259k olar ki, h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 q\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir \u00fcnsiyy\u0259t m\u00fchiti h\u00f6km s\u00fcr\u00fcr. Konstruktiv layih\u0259\u00e7il\u0259r sah\u0259 montaj komandas\u0131 il\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fm\u0131r, t\u0259chizat \u015f\u00f6b\u0259si sah\u0259nin ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131q m\u0259hdudiyy\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259rsizdir, n\u0259zar\u0259t\u00e7i m\u00fch\u0259ndis is\u0259 sifari\u015f\u00e7ini dinl\u0259mir. H\u0259r k\u0259s \u00f6z q\u0131n\u0131na \u00e7\u0259kilir.<\/p>\n T\u0259k bir qov\u015faq detal\u0131 \u0259traf\u0131nda eyni texniki m\u00fcbahis\u0259l\u0259rin h\u0259ft\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 uzand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fczs\u0259, burada texniki darbo\u011faz yoxdur; burada ortaq dilin iflas\u0131 var. H\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259f gecikm\u0259ni \u00f6z prizmas\u0131ndan \u015f\u0259rh edir: sifari\u015f\u00e7i bunu birba\u015fa maliyy\u0259 itkisi, m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t\u00e7i m\u00fch\u0259ndis normativ t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259r\u0259 uy\u011funluq, ba\u015f podrat\u00e7\u0131 is\u0259 istehsal h\u0259cmi kimi g\u00f6r\u00fcr.<\/p>\n Gecikm\u0259l\u0259rin aradan qald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 bu ziddiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri vahid icra mexanizmind\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k dem\u0259kdir. R\u0259hb\u0259rlik b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259ri vahid reall\u0131q \u0259traf\u0131nda toplamal\u0131d\u0131r: h\u0259r k\u0259s eyni g\u0259mid\u0259dir. \u018fg\u0259r konstruktiv layih\u0259l\u0259ndirm\u0259 laz\u0131ms\u0131z h\u0259nd\u0259si m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259blikl\u0259r yarad\u0131rsa, bunun b\u0259d\u0259lini sah\u0259d\u0259ki montaj \u00f6d\u0259yir. \u018fg\u0259r sah\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi operativ \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 layih\u0259nin icraolunma qabiliyy\u0259ti (constructability) bar\u0259d\u0259 geri-\u0259laq\u0259 vermirs\u0259, layih\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259ri q\u00fcsurlu qalmaqda davam edir. Gecikm\u0259 m\u0259hz bu \u0259laq\u0259sizliyin lab\u00fcd b\u0259d\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n Pe\u015f\u0259kar T\u00fck\u0259nm\u0259 v\u0259 D\u00f6z\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck H\u0259ddi<\/strong><\/p>\n Meqa-layih\u0259l\u0259r t\u0259bi\u0259ti etibaril\u0259 \u00e7ox a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131r. Layih\u0259 qrafik yay\u0131nmalar\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259nfi burul\u011fan\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fckd\u0259, b\u00fct\u00fcn sah\u0259y\u0259 \u00fcmumi bir yor\u011funluq v\u0259 t\u00fck\u0259nmi\u015flik \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcr. Ustalar v\u0259 sah\u0259 m\u00fch\u0259ndisl\u0259ri hiss edirl\u0259r ki, n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r \u00e7al\u0131\u015fsalar da, v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti d\u00fcz\u0259ld\u0259 bilmirl\u0259r. Bu, keyfiyy\u0259tin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcy\u00fc v\u0259 laqeydliyin pe\u015f\u0259kar d\u0259qiqliyi \u0259v\u0259z etdiyi d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f n\u00f6qt\u0259sidir.<\/p>\n M\u0259n t\u0259zyiqi fokuslanm\u0131\u015f h\u0259d\u0259f\u0259 deyil, panikaya \u00e7evir\u0259n r\u0259hb\u0259rlik ucbat\u0131ndan iflasa u\u011frayan m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b infrastruktur layih\u0259l\u0259ri g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f\u0259m. Komandan\u0131 davaml\u0131 danlamaq itirilmi\u015f g\u00fcnl\u0259ri geri qaytarm\u0131r; \u0259ksin\u0259, \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 kadrlar\u0131 layih\u0259d\u0259n uzaqla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r v\u0259 qalan m\u00fch\u0259ndisl\u0259ri m\u00fcdafi\u0259 m\u00f6vqeyin\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259r\u0259k riskd\u0259n qa\u00e7ma\u011fa m\u0259cbur edir.<\/p>\n Effektiv layih\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259ri komandan\u0131n yenid\u0259n toparlanmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259zyiqi n\u0259 vaxt azaltmaq laz\u0131m oldu\u011funu yax\u015f\u0131 bilir. B\u0259z\u0259n i\u015f ax\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 yenid\u0259n nizamlamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn veril\u0259n nizam-intizaml\u0131 taktiki fasil\u0259, kor-koran\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 i\u015f saatlar\u0131 (overtime) v\u0259 nizams\u0131z gec\u0259 n\u00f6vb\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259tbiq etm\u0259kd\u0259n qat-qat \u00e7ox vaxt qazand\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n Layih\u0259ni Yekunla\u015fd\u0131rmaq S\u0259n\u0259ti v\u0259 Problemin K\u00f6lg\u0259sini G\u00f6rm\u0259k<\/strong><\/p>\n N\u0259tic\u0259 etibaril\u0259, layih\u0259 gecikm\u0259l\u0259rini idar\u0259 etm\u0259k y\u00fcks\u0259k intizam t\u0259l\u0259b ed\u0259n bir s\u0259n\u0259tdir: qap\u0131da dayanan darbo\u011fazlar\u0131n uzun k\u00f6lg\u0259sini onlar h\u0259l\u0259 tikinti meydan\u00e7as\u0131na \u00e7atmam\u0131\u015fdan \u00e7ox \u0259vv\u0259l g\u00f6rm\u0259k s\u0259n\u0259ti.<\/p>\n Kritik gecikm\u0259 he\u00e7 vaxt q\u0259fil ba\u015f ver\u0259n bir hadis\u0259 deyil. O, layih\u0259nin ilkin m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 h\u0259ll olunmam\u0131\u015f y\u00fczl\u0259rl\u0259 x\u0131rda problemin, t\u0259xir\u0259 sal\u0131nm\u0131\u015f q\u0259rarlar\u0131n v\u0259 yoxlan\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f f\u0259rziyy\u0259l\u0259rin toplanan m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b faizidir. Layih\u0259l\u0259rin yadda\u015f\u0131 var. \u0130lkin iclaslarda t\u0259hlil edilm\u0259d\u0259n q\u0259bul edilmi\u015f h\u0259r bir layih\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fikliyi, \u00absonra baxar\u0131q\u00bb deyil\u0259r\u0259k \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259n h\u0259r bir qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n s\u0259n\u0259d v\u0259 saxlama meydan\u00e7as\u0131ndak\u0131 h\u0259r bir diqq\u0259td\u0259n yay\u0131nan logistika x\u0259tas\u0131 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k aylar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn toplanan qrafik borcu (schedule debt) yarad\u0131r.<\/p>\n U\u011furlu layih\u0259l\u0259r dig\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259n daha s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 qa\u00e7anlar deyil; onlar mane\u0259l\u0259ri daha tez g\u00f6r\u0259n v\u0259 texniki c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n daha d\u0259qiq q\u0259rarlar ver\u0259nl\u0259rdir. Onlar yax\u015f\u0131 ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrl\u0259r ki, sah\u0259d\u0259ki koordinasiyas\u0131z x\u0131rda bir detal y\u00fcks\u0259k keyfiyy\u0259tli vitraj \u015f\u00fc\u015f\u0259sind\u0259ki mikroskopik \u00e7ata b\u0259nz\u0259yir: \u0259g\u0259r onu d\u0259rhal aradan qald\u0131rmasan\u0131z, n\u00f6vb\u0259ti iqlim v\u0259 ya mexaniki t\u0259zyiq zaman\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn \u015f\u00fc\u015f\u0259 paneli darmada\u011f\u0131n olacaq.<\/p>\n \u0130st\u0259r Bak\u0131da, ist\u0259r regionda, ist\u0259rs\u0259 d\u0259 ist\u0259nil\u0259n m\u00fcasir meqapolisd\u0259 ucalan m\u00f6ht\u0259\u015f\u0259m meqa-layih\u0259l\u0259rin g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yini bahal\u0131 planla\u015fd\u0131rma proqramlar\u0131nda \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015f n\u0259z\u0259ri Qantt qrafikl\u0259ri h\u0259ll etmir. Onlar\u0131n taleyini fundamental bir h\u0259qiq\u0259ti d\u0259rind\u0259n anlayan layih\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259rinin ay\u0131q v\u0259 d\u0259rind\u0259n g\u00f6r\u0259n bax\u0131\u015f\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirir:<\/p>\n Gecikm\u0259 m\u0259hz bizim arxaya s\u00f6yk\u0259nib problemin \u00f6z-\u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 h\u0259ll olunmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zl\u0259diyimiz h\u0259min g\u00fcnd\u0259n ba\u015flay\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Vaxt Metal Konstruksiyalar\u0131n Aras\u0131nda \u0130t\u0259nd\u0259 S\u0259h\u0259r tezd\u0259n, g\u00fcn\u0259\u015f \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin m\u00fcasir siluetinin \u015f\u00fc\u015f\u0259 fasadlar\u0131na t\u0259z\u0259c\u0259 \u015f\u00f6l\u0259 sa\u00e7ma\u011fa ba\u015flayanda tikinti meydan\u00e7as\u0131nda dayansan\u0131z, q\u0259rib\u0259 bir s\u00fckut hiss ed\u0259rsiniz. Bu s\u00fckut s\u0259ssizlikd\u0259n yox, m\u0259hz qarmaqar\u0131\u015f\u0131ql\u0131qdan do\u011fan s\u00fckutdur. He\u00e7 kim birc\u0259 k\u0259lm\u0259 k\u0259sm\u0259s\u0259 bel\u0259, n\u0259l\u0259rinins\u0259 d\u0259rind\u0259n qaydas\u0131nda getm\u0259diyini d\u0259rhal ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz. \u0130ri miqyasl\u0131 meqa-layih\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 gecikm\u0259, ayl\u0131q icraat hesabatlar\u0131nda v\u0259 ya […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6165,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6169","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bloq"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6169","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6169"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6169\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6184,"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6169\/revisions\/6184"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6165"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6169"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6169"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6169"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![](\"https:\/\/azco.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/word-image-6169-1.jpeg\")
<\/p>\nLayih\u0259l\u0259r Niy\u0259 Bitm\u0259yi \u00abUnudurlar\u00bb?<\/h2>\n
\u00abG\u00f6zl\u0259nilm\u0259zi Qabaqlamaq\u00bb S\u0259n\u0259ti<\/h2>\n
![](\"https:\/\/azco.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/word-image-6169-2.jpeg\")
<\/p>\nNiy\u0259 Yar\u0131m\u00e7\u0131q Q\u0259rarlar Layih\u0259nin Bir N\u00f6mr\u0259li D\u00fc\u015fm\u0259nidir?<\/h2>\n
Layih\u0259 \u2014 qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nlikl\u0259 b\u0259sl\u0259n\u0259n canl\u0131 bir orqanizmdir.<\/h3>\n
Gecikm\u0259 m\u0259hz bizim \u00abg\u00f6zl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259\u00bb q\u0259rar verdiyimiz ilk g\u00fcnd\u0259n ba\u015flay\u0131r.<\/h3>\n
![](\"https:\/\/azco.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/word-image-6169-3.jpeg\")
<\/p>\n![](\"https:\/\/azco.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/word-image-6169-4.jpeg\")
<\/p>\n