{"id":5941,"date":"2026-08-24T17:43:15","date_gmt":"2026-08-24T14:13:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/azco.az\/?p=5941"},"modified":"2026-08-24T17:44:47","modified_gmt":"2026-08-24T14:14:47","slug":"s%c9%99naye-tikintisind%c9%99-layih%c9%99-idar%c9%99etm%c9%99-proqramlarinin-t%c9%99tbiqi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/s%c9%99naye-tikintisind%c9%99-layih%c9%99-idar%c9%99etm%c9%99-proqramlarinin-t%c9%99tbiqi\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u0259naye tikintisind\u0259 layih\u0259 idar\u0259etm\u0259 proqramlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259tbiqi"},"content":{"rendered":"

S\u0259naye tikintisind\u0259 layih\u0259 idar\u0259etm\u0259 proqramlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259tbiqi: Ki\u00e7ik gecikm\u0259 niy\u0259 he\u00e7 vaxt ki\u00e7ik qalm\u0131r<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr edin ki, bir s\u0259naye layih\u0259sind\u0259 \u0259sas avadanl\u0131q sah\u0259y\u0259 bazar ert\u0259si \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131 idi, amma \u00e7atm\u0131r. T\u0259chizat\u00e7\u0131 deyir ki, \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259 g\u00fcn\u00fc t\u0259hvil ver\u0259c\u0259k v\u0259 ilk bax\u0131\u015fda bu, sad\u0259c\u0259 iki g\u00fcnl\u00fck yerd\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259 kimi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Bir \u00e7ox layih\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 el\u0259 burada \u201csad\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirilir\u201d, \u00e7\u00fcnki ki\u00e7ik gecikm\u0259l\u0259r zamanla normalla\u015f\u0131r v\u0259 ham\u0131 \u00fcmid edir ki, dig\u0259r b\u00f6lm\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 bir az \u0259lav\u0259 t\u0259zyiq g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259kl\u0259 bu t\u0259sir kompensasiya olunacaq. Amma \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259 g\u00fcn\u00fc avadanl\u0131q g\u0259l\u0259nd\u0259 montaj briqadas\u0131 h\u0259l\u0259 haz\u0131r deyil, \u00e7\u00fcnki \u0259vv\u0259lki f\u0259aliyy\u0259t tamamlanmay\u0131b. O f\u0259aliyy\u0259t is\u0259 bir \u00e7ertyojun (drawing) t\u0259sdiqind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 idi v\u0259 h\u0259min \u00e7ertyoj bir ne\u00e7\u0259 g\u00fcn gec t\u0259sdiql\u0259nib.<\/p>\n

\u0130ndi m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 art\u0131q iki g\u00fcn deyil. Bir ne\u00e7\u0259 komanda bir-birini g\u00f6zl\u0259yir, kran\u0131n qrafiki d\u0259yi\u015fir, i\u015f\u00e7i q\u00fcvv\u0259sinin bir hiss\u0259si faktiki olaraq bo\u015f qal\u0131r v\u0259 n\u00f6vb\u0259ti f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u0259l\u0259n h\u0259ft\u0259y\u0259 ke\u00e7ir. \u018fvv\u0259lc\u0259 \u201cki\u00e7ik\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n yerd\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259 indi real bir z\u0259ncirvari t\u0259sir\u0259 \u00e7evrilir. M\u0259hz burada layih\u0259 idar\u0259etm\u0259 proqramlar\u0131 m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 tap\u0131r: t\u0259kc\u0259 hesabat haz\u0131rlamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yox, x\u0131rda bir hadis\u0259nin davam\u0131nda hans\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259r yaradaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

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Proqram layih\u0259 meneceri deyil; onun \u201cikinci g\u00f6z\u00fc\u201dd\u00fcr<\/h2>\n

Yay\u011f\u0131n bir yanl\u0131\u015f anlama budur ki, layih\u0259 idar\u0259etm\u0259 proqram\u0131 guya \u00f6z\u00fc layih\u0259ni idar\u0259 etm\u0259lidir. Halbuki bel\u0259 deyil. Proqram\u0131n t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259si yoxdur, sah\u0259nin t\u0259zyiqini hiss etmir, t\u0259chizat\u00e7\u0131 il\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar aparm\u0131r v\u0259 real \u015f\u0259rait\u0259 \u0259saslan\u0131b bir gecikm\u0259nin n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r ciddi oldu\u011funu insan kimi \u201chiss\u201d ed\u0259 bilmir. Buna baxmayaraq, onun d\u0259y\u0259ri m\u0259hz insan beyninin m\u0259lumat bollu\u011fu v\u0259 as\u0131l\u0131l\u0131qlar\u0131n \u00e7oxlu\u011fu il\u0259 y\u00fckl\u0259ndiyi yerd\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r.<\/p>\n

S\u0259naye layih\u0259si sad\u0259c\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259r toplusu deyil; \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259r \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259sidir. Dizayn t\u0259sdiq\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r, sat\u0131nalma dizayna ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r, da\u015f\u0131nma sat\u0131nalmaya ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r, montaj t\u0259hvil\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r v\u0259 yekun t\u0259hvil-t\u0259slim d\u0259 \u0259vv\u0259lki f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259rin z\u0259ncirvari tamamlanmas\u0131ndan as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Ki\u00e7ik layih\u0259d\u0259 bu \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ri \u201ca\u011f\u0131l il\u0259\u201d izl\u0259m\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr, amma y\u00fczl\u0259rl\u0259 v\u0259 ya minl\u0259rl\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t olan layih\u0259d\u0259 uy\u011fun al\u0259t olmadan bu, dem\u0259k olar ki, qeyri-m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bel\u0259 v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259 proqram \u201cikinci g\u00f6z\u201d kimi i\u015fl\u0259yir: t\u0259kc\u0259 m\u0259lumat\u0131 y\u0131\u011fm\u0131r, onlar\u0131n aras\u0131ndak\u0131 m\u00fcnasib\u0259ti d\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rir v\u0259 layih\u0259 menecerin\u0259 daha real m\u0259nz\u0259r\u0259 verir.<\/p>\n

Proqram\u0131n \u0259n vacib t\u0259tbiqi: yax\u0131n g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yi g\u00f6rm\u0259k<\/h2>\n

Layih\u0259 idar\u0259etm\u0259 proqramlar\u0131 dey\u0259nd\u0259 \u00e7oxlar\u0131n\u0131n a\u011fl\u0131na d\u0259rhal Gantt c\u0259dv\u0259li, icra faizi v\u0259 d\u00f6vri hesabatlar g\u0259lir. Bunlar vacibdir, amma \u0259sas d\u0259y\u0259r h\u0259l\u0259 bu deyil. Daha m\u00fch\u00fcm t\u0259tbiq t\u0259sirl\u0259ri qabaqcadan g\u00f6rm\u0259kdir.<\/p>\n

Tutaq ki, bir f\u0259aliyy\u0259t 5 g\u00fcn gecikib. \u018fg\u0259r h\u0259min f\u0259aliyy\u0259t layih\u0259nin kritik yolundad\u0131rsa, bu 5 g\u00fcn bir ne\u00e7\u0259 sonrak\u0131 i\u015fi yerind\u0259n oynada, \u0259sas tarixl\u0259ri (key dates) s\u0131xa v\u0259 h\u0259tta yekun t\u0259hvil tarixini d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259 bil\u0259r. Primavera P6 v\u0259 ya Microsoft Project kimi pe\u015f\u0259kar proqramlar d\u00fczg\u00fcn modell\u0259\u015fdiril\u0259rs\u0259, bu z\u0259nciri ayd\u0131n \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 \u00fcz\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131r. Bu zaman biz t\u0259kc\u0259 \u201cf\u0259aliyy\u0259t gecikdi\u201d demirik; h\u0259m d\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fck ki, bu gecikm\u0259 n\u00f6vb\u0259ti i\u015fin ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131na, komandalar\u0131n c\u0259lb olunmas\u0131na, resurslar\u0131n azad olmas\u0131na v\u0259 \u0259sas m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 (milestones) \u00e7atma\u011fa nec\u0259 t\u0259sir ed\u0259c\u0259k. Bu f\u0259rq \u201cx\u0259b\u0259r\u201d il\u0259 \u201cx\u0259b\u0259rdarl\u0131q\u201d aras\u0131ndak\u0131 f\u0259rqdir. B\u00f6y\u00fck layih\u0259l\u0259r gec g\u0259l\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259r\u0259 yox, vaxt\u0131nda x\u0259b\u0259rdarl\u0131\u011fa ehtiyac duyur\u2014\u00e7\u00fcnki yaln\u0131z x\u0259b\u0259rdarl\u0131q reaksiya imkan\u0131 yarad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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\u0130cra faizi h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 h\u0259qiq\u0259ti demir<\/h2>\n

Layih\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 \u0259n \u00e7ox t\u0259krarlanan r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259rd\u0259n biri icra faizidir: layih\u0259 30% ir\u0259lil\u0259di, 55% oldu, 70% tamamland\u0131 v\u0259 s. Amma \u0259sas sual budur: bu r\u0259q\u0259m konkret olaraq n\u0259yi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcr?<\/p>\n

B\u00f6y\u00fck h\u0259cmd\u0259 sad\u0259 v\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n i\u015fl\u0259r tamamlanm\u0131\u015f ola bil\u0259r, amma \u0259sas, bo\u011faz (bottleneck) v\u0259 h\u0259lledici f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259r h\u0259l\u0259 ba\u015flamam\u0131\u015f olsun. Bel\u0259 v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259 ir\u0259lil\u0259yi\u015f faizi \u201crahatl\u0131q\u201d hissi yarad\u0131r, amma layih\u0259nin real m\u0259nz\u0259r\u0259sini gizl\u0259dir. Layih\u0259 idar\u0259etm\u0259 proqram\u0131 bu zahiri g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fc a\u015fma\u011fa k\u00f6m\u0259k etm\u0259lidir: hans\u0131 f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259r h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n bitib, hans\u0131 paketl\u0259r yaln\u0131z g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc olaraq ir\u0259lil\u0259yib, hans\u0131 i\u015f paketl\u0259ri h\u0259l\u0259 risk yarad\u0131r v\u0259 hans\u0131 bo\u011fazlar layih\u0259nin gedi\u015fini d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259 bil\u0259r. S\u0259naye layih\u0259sind\u0259 b\u0259z\u0259n h\u0259cmc\u0259 ki\u00e7ik, amma kritik bir ne\u00e7\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t onlarla \u201cb\u00f6y\u00fck g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n\u201d f\u0259aliyy\u0259td\u0259n daha qiym\u0259tlidir, \u00e7\u00fcnki t\u0259hvil z\u0259ncirini m\u0259hz onlar saxlay\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Layih\u0259nin real m\u0259lumat\u0131 par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f fayllar\u0131n i\u00e7ind\u0259 gizl\u0259nir<\/h2>\n

S\u0259naye layih\u0259si t\u0259kc\u0259 vaxt c\u0259dv\u0259li (schedule) deyil. Onun bir hiss\u0259si e-po\u00e7tlardad\u0131r, bir hiss\u0259si \u00e7ertyojlarda, bir hiss\u0259si iclas protokollar\u0131nda, bir hiss\u0259si RFI-l\u0259rd\u0259, bir hiss\u0259si sat\u0131nalma sor\u011fular\u0131nda, bir hiss\u0259si d\u0259 g\u00fcnd\u0259lik sah\u0259 hesabatlar\u0131nda v\u0259 fotolardad\u0131r. Problem ondad\u0131r ki, bu m\u0259lumatlar ad\u0259t\u0259n m\u00fcxt\u0259lif yerl\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259p\u0259l\u0259nir v\u0259 eyni reall\u0131\u011f\u0131n f\u0259rqli versiyalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rir.<\/p>\n

Bir q\u0259rar iclasda q\u0259bul olunur, amma sistemd\u0259 qeydiyyata d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fcr. Sah\u0259d\u0259 bir d\u00fcz\u0259li\u015f edilir, amma ofis\u0259 \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fcr. Bir ne\u00e7\u0259 h\u0259ft\u0259 sonra kims\u0259 soru\u015fanda ki, niy\u0259 bu hiss\u0259 bel\u0259 icra olunub, komanda bir ne\u00e7\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259d v\u0259 f\u0259rqli hekay\u0259 aras\u0131ndan \u201creall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d yenid\u0259n qurma\u011fa m\u0259cbur qal\u0131r. Layih\u0259 idar\u0259etm\u0259 platformalar\u0131 m\u0259hz burada d\u0259y\u0259r yarad\u0131r: q\u0259rarlar\u0131n izini (audit trail) izl\u0259n\u0259 bil\u0259n bir m\u00fchitd\u0259 toplay\u0131r v\u0259 ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r ki, n\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fib, n\u0259 vaxt d\u0259yi\u015fib v\u0259 hans\u0131 \u0259sasla d\u0259yi\u015fib. Bu yaln\u0131z bu g\u00fcn\u00fc idar\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn deyil; g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 t\u0259xmin yerin\u0259 etibarl\u0131 s\u0259n\u0259d\u0259 istinad etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Proqram yaln\u0131z ofis il\u0259 sah\u0259ni birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259nd\u0259 d\u0259y\u0259rli olur<\/h2>\n

B\u00f6y\u00fck layih\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 ad\u0259t\u0259n layih\u0259 ofisi m\u0259lumat nizam-intizam\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 sah\u0259d\u0259n daha ir\u0259lid\u0259 olur: plan var, hesabat var, iclaslar var v\u0259 h\u0259r \u015fey zahir\u0259n qaydas\u0131ndad\u0131r. Amma sah\u0259d\u0259 reall\u0131q f\u0259rqli ola bil\u0259r. Bir f\u0259aliyy\u0259t dayana bil\u0259r, avadanl\u0131q h\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259y\u0259 bil\u0259r, azad olmal\u0131 resurs h\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful ola bil\u0259r v\u0259 ya icran\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n \u00e7ertyoj h\u0259l\u0259 yekun t\u0259sdiq almay\u0131b.<\/p>\n

\u018fg\u0259r bu m\u0259lumat gecikm\u0259 il\u0259 ofis\u0259 \u00e7at\u0131rsa, idar\u0259etm\u0259 s\u0259viyy\u0259sind\u0259 veril\u0259n q\u0259rarlar icra reall\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 uy\u011funla\u015fmayacaq. Layih\u0259 idar\u0259etm\u0259 proqram\u0131 m\u0259hz bu m\u0259saf\u0259ni azaltmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn dizayn olunur. Sah\u0259 m\u00fch\u0259ndisi el\u0259 yerind\u0259 v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti qeyd etm\u0259li, problemi m\u0259sul \u015f\u0259xs\u0259 y\u00f6nl\u0259ndirm\u0259li v\u0259 ba\u011flanana q\u0259d\u0259r onu izl\u0259m\u0259 d\u00f6vr\u0259sind\u0259 saxlamal\u0131d\u0131r. Amma bu yaln\u0131z komanda sistemd\u0259n h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259nd\u0259 ba\u015f verir. R\u0259q\u0259msalla\u015fma proqram almaqla ba\u015flam\u0131r; davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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Sat\u0131nalma icradan ayr\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259rs\u0259, \u00e7ox tez gecikm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7evrilir<\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u0259naye layih\u0259sind\u0259 sat\u0131nalma plan\u0131 icra plan\u0131ndan ayr\u0131 bir fayl olmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Al\u0131nan h\u0259r \u015fey layih\u0259nin m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n bir n\u00f6qt\u0259sind\u0259 qura\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131 v\u0259 ya i\u015f\u0259 sal\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 yaln\u0131z sifari\u015f tarixi \u00f6n\u0259mli deyil.<\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn z\u0259ncir g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259lidir:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Dizayn n\u0259 vaxt yekunla\u015f\u0131r?<\/li>\n
  • \u0130stehsal v\u0259 haz\u0131rl\u0131q m\u00fcdd\u0259ti (lead time) n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r \u00e7\u0259kir?<\/li>\n
  • Zavod s\u0131naqlar\u0131 (FAT), da\u015f\u0131nma, g\u00f6mr\u00fck r\u0259smil\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si v\u0259 sah\u0259y\u0259 giri\u015f n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r vaxt apar\u0131r?<\/li>\n
  • Sah\u0259nin b\u00fcn\u00f6vr\u0259si, kran v\u0259 montaj komandas\u0131 h\u0259min vaxt tam haz\u0131rd\u0131rm\u0131?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u018fg\u0259r bu \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259r proqramda g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259zs\u0259, sat\u0131nalma zahir\u0259n vaxt\u0131nda edilmi\u015f kimi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259 bil\u0259r, amma avadanl\u0131q yen\u0259 laz\u0131m olan vaxtda haz\u0131r olmaz. Bir \u00e7ox layih\u0259d\u0259 gecikm\u0259 istehsal v\u0259 da\u015f\u0131nmadan ba\u015flam\u0131r; as\u0131l\u0131l\u0131qlar\u0131n n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nmamas\u0131ndan ba\u015flay\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Gecikm\u0259nin real x\u0259rci yaln\u0131z maliyy\u0259 c\u0259dv\u0259lind\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcr<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Bir f\u0259aliyy\u0259t 3 g\u00fcn gecik\u0259nd\u0259, onun x\u0259rci yaln\u0131z 3 g\u00fcnl\u00fck \u0259m\u0259khaqq\u0131 deyil. Real x\u0259rcl\u0259r daha geni\u015fdir: i\u015f\u00e7i q\u00fcvv\u0259si layih\u0259d\u0259 daha uzun qal\u0131r, kran yenid\u0259n rezerv edilir, avadanl\u0131qlar sah\u0259d\u0259 daha \u00e7ox dayan\u0131r, dig\u0259r podrat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n qrafiki d\u0259yi\u015fir, ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f v\u0259 logistika x\u0259rcl\u0259ri art\u0131r v\u0259 h\u0259tta \u00f6d\u0259ni\u015fl\u0259r\/cash flow t\u0259zyiq alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Y\u0259ni vaxt gecikm\u0259si eyni anda h\u0259m icra, h\u0259m d\u0259 maliyy\u0259 t\u0259sirl\u0259ri yarada bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

    Layih\u0259 idar\u0259etm\u0259 proqram\u0131 vaxt, resurs v\u0259 x\u0259rc il\u0259 d\u00fczg\u00fcn i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259nd\u0259, layih\u0259 menecerin\u0259 yaln\u0131z \u201cn\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r gecikdik?\u201d sual\u0131n\u0131 deyil, \u201cbu trend davam ets\u0259, n\u0259l\u0259ri itir\u0259c\u0259yik?\u201d sual\u0131n\u0131 verm\u0259y\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k edir. Bu bax\u0131\u015f\u0131n d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259si hesabat-m\u0259rk\u0259zli yana\u015fmadan q\u0259rar-m\u0259rk\u0259zli yana\u015fmaya ke\u00e7iddir.<\/p>\n

    Proqram se\u00e7imi sad\u0259c\u0259 brend se\u00e7imi deyil<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Primavera P6, Microsoft Project v\u0259 ya daha geni\u015f platformalar\u0131n h\u0259r birinin \u00fcst\u00fcn t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259ri var. Amma \u201chans\u0131 daha yax\u015f\u0131d\u0131r?\u201d sual\u0131ndan \u0259vv\u0259l \u201clayih\u0259nin \u0259sas problemi n\u0259dir?\u201d sual\u0131 verilm\u0259lidir:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Problem planla\u015fd\u0131rma v\u0259 kritik yoldursa, al\u0259t CPM analizi \u00fczr\u0259 g\u00fccl\u00fc olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n
    • Problem s\u0259n\u0259d d\u00f6vriyy\u0259si v\u0259 komanda koordinasiyas\u0131d\u0131rsa, bulud \u0259sasl\u0131 \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q platformas\u0131 se\u00e7ilm\u0259lidir.<\/li>\n
    • Problem sat\u0131nalma v\u0259 t\u0259chizatd\u0131rsa, icra v\u0259 t\u0259chizat inteqrasiyas\u0131 qabaqc\u0131l s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259 qurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Yay\u011f\u0131n s\u0259hv odur ki, proqram se\u00e7imini \u201c\u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 brend\u201d se\u00e7imi il\u0259 qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r\u0131q. Halbuki b\u00f6y\u00fck bir EPC layih\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ideal olan al\u0259t, daha ki\u00e7ik \u015firk\u0259t v\u0259 ya sad\u0259 strukturlu layih\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fctl\u0259q \u0259n do\u011fru se\u00e7im deyil. Proqram layih\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259lidir, layih\u0259 proqram \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yox.<\/p>\n

      Bahal\u0131 proqram pis istifad\u0259 olunarsa, Excel-d\u0259n d\u0259 z\u0259if olar<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Bu c\u00fcml\u0259 s\u0259rt s\u0259sl\u0259n\u0259 bil\u0259r, amma praktikada do\u011frudur. \u018fg\u0259r \u015firk\u0259t inki\u015faf etmi\u015f bir sistem al\u0131bsa, amma m\u0259lumatlar vaxt\u0131nda daxil edilmir, istifad\u0259\u00e7il\u0259r t\u0259lim ke\u00e7m\u0259yib, f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259rin strukturu (WBS) d\u00fczg\u00fcn qurulmay\u0131b v\u0259 m\u0259lumat m\u0259suliyy\u0259ti m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilm\u0259yibs\u0259, sistem tezlikl\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 x\u0259rc\u0259 \u00e7evrilir.<\/p>\n

      \u018fksin\u0259, prosesl\u0259rini d\u00fczg\u00fcn qurmu\u015f nizaml\u0131 komanda daha sad\u0259 al\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 bel\u0259 q\u0259bul edil\u0259 bil\u0259n n\u0259zar\u0259t yarada bil\u0259r. Dem\u0259li, \u0259sas \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck texnologiyan\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 deyil; texnologiyadan istifad\u0259 intizam\u0131ndad\u0131r. Proqram d\u0259y\u0259ri o zaman yarad\u0131r ki, g\u00fcnd\u0259lik i\u015f v\u0259rdi\u015fin\u0259 \u00e7evrilir, yaln\u0131z iclaslarda dan\u0131\u015f\u0131lan m\u00f6vzu olmur.<\/p>\n

      D\u00fczg\u00fcn ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c ki\u00e7ik bir prosesd\u0259n g\u0259lir<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u015eirk\u0259t ilk g\u00fcnd\u0259n h\u0259r \u015feyi r\u0259q\u0259msalla\u015fd\u0131rma\u011fa m\u0259cbur deyil. Bu, ad\u0259t\u0259n transformasiya yox, m\u00fcqavim\u0259t yarad\u0131r. Daha d\u00fczg\u00fcn ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c odur ki, bir layih\u0259 se\u00e7ilsin v\u0259 ya h\u0259tta bir konkret proses\u2014m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, qrafikin (schedule) n\u0259zar\u0259ti\u2014se\u00e7ilsin.<\/p>\n

      Sonra d\u0259qiq m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259lidir:<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Proqram\u0131 kim yenil\u0259yir?<\/li>\n
      2. Real icran\u0131 kim qeyd edir?<\/li>\n
      3. F\u0259rql\u0259ri v\u0259 meyll\u0259ri kim analiz edir?<\/li>\n
      4. Hesabatlar n\u0259 vaxt haz\u0131rlan\u0131r v\u0259 yekun q\u0259rar\u0131 kim verir?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Bu d\u00f6vr\u0259 oturu\u015fandan sonra sat\u0131nalma, s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259r, RFI, x\u0259rc v\u0259 dig\u0259r hiss\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 oluna bil\u0259r. U\u011furlu t\u0259tbiq ad\u0259t\u0259n m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b sisteml\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u015flam\u0131r; sad\u0259 v\u0259 d\u00fczg\u00fcn bir prosesl\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r.<\/p>\n

        [\u015e\u018fK\u0130L 04: D\u018fY\u018fR M\u00dcH\u018fND\u0130SL\u0130Y\u0130 V\u018f Q\u018fRARVERM\u018f MODEL\u0130]<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        • Vizual Konsepsiya:<\/strong> Qrafik planla\u015fd\u0131rma, sah\u0259 hesabatlar\u0131, sapmalar\u0131n t\u0259hlili v\u0259 D\u0259y\u0259r M\u00fch\u0259ndisliyi (Value Engineering) m\u00fcdaxil\u0259l\u0259ri aras\u0131ndak\u0131 davaml\u0131 d\u00f6vr\u0259ni \u0259ks etdir\u0259n m\u00fcasir, ayd\u0131n sxem\/infoqrafika.<\/li>\n
        • Format v\u0259 \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fc:<\/strong> PNG | 1536×1024 | Optimalla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f (<300KB)<\/li>\n
        • Alt M\u0259tn (Alt Text):<\/strong> Layih\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259ti, risk analizi v\u0259 q\u0259rarverm\u0259 prosesinin struktur sxemi.<\/em><\/li>\n
        • \u015e\u0259kilalt\u0131 Yaz\u0131 (Caption):<\/strong> \u0130ntizaml\u0131 v\u0259 ard\u0131c\u0131l layih\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t d\u00f6vr\u0259si m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b, lakin istifad\u0259 olunmayan proqramlardan qat-qat y\u00fcks\u0259k s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259 verir.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Layih\u0259l\u0259rin g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yi t\u0259kc\u0259 daha r\u0259q\u0259msal deyil; daha \u201cg\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n\u201ddir<\/strong><\/p>\n

          Layih\u0259 idar\u0259etm\u0259 proqramlar\u0131n\u0131n yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck d\u0259yi\u015fiklik b\u0259lk\u0259 d\u0259 ka\u011f\u0131z\u0131n aradan qalxmas\u0131 deyil; layih\u0259ni g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n etm\u0259sidir. \u018fvv\u0259ll\u0259r bir ne\u00e7\u0259 iclas, onlarla fayl v\u0259 says\u0131z z\u0259ngl\u0259 anla\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131 olan layih\u0259 indi daha \u015f\u0259ffaf g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259 bil\u0259r: hans\u0131 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t gerid\u0259dir, hans\u0131 avadanl\u0131q g\u0259lm\u0259yib, hans\u0131 sor\u011fu cavabs\u0131z qal\u0131b, hans\u0131 podrat\u00e7\u0131 qrafikd\u0259n geri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcb v\u0259 hans\u0131 q\u0259rar h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 \u201cas\u0131l\u0131\u201d v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259dir.<\/p>\n

          Layih\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fcd\u00fckc\u0259 bu suallara cavab verm\u0259k \u00e7\u0259tinl\u0259\u015fir. Proqram b\u00fct\u00fcn probleml\u0259ri h\u0259ll etmir, amma probleml\u0259rin daha tez g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259sin\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k edir. S\u0259naye layih\u0259sind\u0259 problemi erk\u0259n g\u00f6rm\u0259k b\u0259z\u0259n onu h\u0259ll etm\u0259kd\u0259n d\u0259 qiym\u0259tlidir, \u00e7\u00fcnki problem ki\u00e7ik olanda se\u00e7iml\u0259r \u00e7oxdur; zaman ke\u00e7dikc\u0259 is\u0259 q\u0259rar\u0131n qiym\u0259ti art\u0131r, manevr imkanlar\u0131 azal\u0131r.<\/p>\n

          <\/p>\n

          Son s\u00f6z<\/strong><\/p>\n

          S\u0259naye layih\u0259sind\u0259 bir \u00e7ox problem el\u0259 yerd\u0259n ba\u015flay\u0131r ki, \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 problem\u0259 b\u0259nz\u0259mir: iki g\u00fcnl\u00fck gecikm\u0259, t\u0259sdiql\u0259nm\u0259mi\u015f \u00e7ertyoj, gec g\u0259l\u0259n avadanl\u0131q, e-po\u00e7tda it\u0259n cavab v\u0259 ya bir komandan\u0131n dig\u0259rini g\u00f6zl\u0259m\u0259si. Bunlar\u0131n h\u0259r biri t\u0259k-t\u0259k ki\u00e7ikdir, amma layih\u0259 m\u0259hz bu ki\u00e7ik hadis\u0259l\u0259rin yana\u015f\u0131 d\u00fcz\u00fclm\u0259sind\u0259n formala\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n

          Layih\u0259 idar\u0259etm\u0259 proqramlar\u0131 d\u00fczg\u00fcn se\u00e7ilib d\u00fczg\u00fcn istifad\u0259 olunarsa, bu ki\u00e7ik hadis\u0259l\u0259ri daha tez g\u00f6rm\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 onlar\u0131n bir-biri il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259sini anlama\u011fa k\u00f6m\u0259k edir. B\u0259lk\u0259 d\u0259 \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck d\u0259y\u0259r el\u0259 budur: t\u0259kc\u0259 \u201cd\u00fcn\u0259n n\u0259 oldu?\u201d sual\u0131na cavab verm\u0259k yox, \u201cbu g\u00fcn he\u00e7 n\u0259 etm\u0259s\u0259k, sabah n\u0259 olacaq?\u201d sual\u0131n\u0131 ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131rmaq.<\/p>\n

          Yaln\u0131z ke\u00e7mi\u015fi qeyd ed\u0259n layih\u0259 h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 gec reaksiya ver\u0259c\u0259k. Yax\u0131n g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yi g\u00f6r\u0259n layih\u0259nin n\u0259zar\u0259t \u015fans\u0131 \u00e7ox daha y\u00fcks\u0259kdir. Layih\u0259 idar\u0259etm\u0259 proqram\u0131 \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 halda ke\u00e7mi\u015f\u0259 baxmaq al\u0259ti deyil; sabah\u0131 g\u00f6rm\u0259k al\u0259tidir. S\u0259naye tikintisind\u0259 is\u0259 sabah\u0131 b\u00f6hrana \u00e7evrilm\u0259mi\u015fd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l g\u00f6rm\u0259k bacar\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u0259z\u0259n idar\u0259 olunan layih\u0259 il\u0259 t\u00fck\u0259ndirici layih\u0259 aras\u0131ndak\u0131 f\u0259rqi m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edir.<\/p>\n

          N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 layih\u0259ni insanlar qurur: m\u00fchakim\u0259, t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259, dialoq v\u0259 q\u0259rarlarla. Amma insanlar daha d\u00fczg\u00fcn q\u0259rar verirl\u0259r, \u0259g\u0259r reall\u0131\u011f\u0131n v\u0259 yax\u0131n g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yin daha ayd\u0131n t\u0259svirin\u0259 sahibdirl\u0259r. Proqram bu t\u0259sviri daha \u015f\u0259ffaf, daha s\u00fcr\u0259tli v\u0259 daha vahid \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 komandan\u0131n ixtiyar\u0131na ver\u0259 bilirs\u0259, art\u0131q \u0259lav\u0259 bir al\u0259t deyil; layih\u0259nin q\u0259rarverm\u0259 infrastrukturunun bir hiss\u0259sidir. S\u0259naye tikintisind\u0259 z\u0259if q\u0259rarverm\u0259 infrastrukturu gec-tez gecikm\u0259, yenid\u0259n i\u015f (rework), resurs israf\u0131 v\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259tin itirilm\u0259si kimi \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259c\u0259k. El\u0259 buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 bu sah\u0259d\u0259 ki\u00e7ik gecikm\u0259 dem\u0259k olar ki, he\u00e7 vaxt ki\u00e7ik qalm\u0131r.<\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          S\u0259naye tikintisind\u0259 layih\u0259 idar\u0259etm\u0259 proqramlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259tbiqi: Ki\u00e7ik gecikm\u0259 niy\u0259 he\u00e7 vaxt ki\u00e7ik qalm\u0131r T\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr edin ki, bir s\u0259naye layih\u0259sind\u0259 \u0259sas avadanl\u0131q sah\u0259y\u0259 bazar ert\u0259si \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131 idi, amma \u00e7atm\u0131r. T\u0259chizat\u00e7\u0131 deyir ki, \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259 g\u00fcn\u00fc t\u0259hvil ver\u0259c\u0259k v\u0259 ilk bax\u0131\u015fda bu, sad\u0259c\u0259 iki g\u00fcnl\u00fck yerd\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259 kimi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Bir \u00e7ox layih\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 el\u0259 burada \u201csad\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirilir\u201d, \u00e7\u00fcnki ki\u00e7ik gecikm\u0259l\u0259r […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5941","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized-az"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5941","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5941"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5941\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5954,"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5941\/revisions\/5954"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5941"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5941"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5941"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}