\u00c7ox vaxt o, h\u0259ft\u0259l\u0259r \u0259vv\u0259l \u2014 vacib q\u0259rar\u0131n cavabs\u0131z qald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir iclasda itirilir.<\/strong><\/p>\n H\u0259r b\u00f6y\u00fck layih\u0259nin \u0259n az\u0131 iki versiyas\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n Birinci versiya qrafikd\u0259, t\u0259sdiq edilmi\u015f b\u00fcdc\u0259d\u0259, \u00e7ertyojlarda, iclas protokollar\u0131nda v\u0259 r\u0259smi hesabatlarda g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n layih\u0259dir. Bu versiyada ir\u0259lil\u0259yi\u015f faizl\u0259ri m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilir, f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259rin tarixl\u0259ri olur v\u0259 x\u0259rcl\u0259r \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259 bil\u0259n kateqoriyalar \u00fczr\u0259 qeyd olunur.<\/p>\n \u0130kinci versiya is\u0259 sah\u0259d\u0259 h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n m\u00f6vcud olan layih\u0259dir: cavabs\u0131z qalan z\u0259ngl\u0259r, h\u0259l\u0259 verilm\u0259mi\u015f t\u0259sdiql\u0259r, vaxt\u0131nda \u00e7atmayan materiallar, m\u00fcxt\u0259lif yozumlara a\u00e7\u0131q \u00e7ertyojlar, t\u0259limat g\u00f6zl\u0259y\u0259n podrat\u00e7\u0131lar v\u0259 sah\u0259ni tam dayand\u0131rmadan i\u015fi ir\u0259li aparma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan r\u0259hb\u0259rl\u0259r.<\/p>\n Gizli x\u0259rcl\u0259r m\u0259hz bu iki versiya aras\u0131ndak\u0131 bo\u015fluqda yaran\u0131r.<\/p>\n R\u0259smi hesabat layih\u0259nin 40 faiz tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259 bil\u0259r. Lakin reall\u0131qda h\u0259min 40 faizin bir hiss\u0259si h\u0259l\u0259 t\u0259min olunmu\u015f v\u0259 yekun d\u0259y\u0259r yaratmaya bil\u0259r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, altl\u0131q i\u015fi tamamlan\u0131b, amma son material\u0131n spesifikasiyas\u0131 h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fir. MEP x\u0259tl\u0259ri \u00e7\u0259kilib, lakin tavan\u0131n yekun h\u00fcnd\u00fcrl\u00fcy\u00fc d\u0259qiql\u0259\u015fm\u0259yib. Avadanl\u0131q al\u0131n\u0131b, amma onun qura\u015fd\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 sah\u0259 v\u0259 ya t\u0259l\u0259b olunan infrastruktur h\u0259l\u0259 haz\u0131r deyil.<\/p>\n Bu v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259 layih\u0259 zahird\u0259 ir\u0259lil\u0259yir. Amma h\u0259min ir\u0259lil\u0259yi\u015fin bir hiss\u0259si sonradan yenid\u0259n i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259, s\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc, \u0259v\u0259zedici sat\u0131nalma v\u0259 ya t\u0259krar icraya \u00e7evril\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n Pe\u015f\u0259kar layih\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259ri sad\u0259c\u0259 bu sual\u0131 vermir:<\/p>\n \u201cN\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r i\u015f tamamlan\u0131b?\u201d<\/p>\n Daha d\u0259qiq sual budur:<\/p>\n \u201cTamamlanm\u0131\u015f i\u015fin n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259ri h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n yekundur, koordinasiya olunub v\u0259 t\u0259hvil\u0259 haz\u0131rd\u0131r?\u201d<\/p>\n Bu sualdak\u0131 ki\u00e7ik d\u0259yi\u015fiklik layih\u0259nin maliyy\u0259 m\u0259nz\u0259r\u0259sini tamamil\u0259 f\u0259rqli g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n B\u00f6y\u00fck layih\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 gizli x\u0259rcl\u0259rin \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli hiss\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7 amilin eyni anda toqqu\u015fdu\u011fu yerd\u0259 yaran\u0131r:<\/p>\n Bu amill\u0259rin h\u0259r biri ayr\u0131ca idar\u0259 oluna bil\u0259r. Gecikmi\u015f q\u0259rar\u0131n t\u0259siri qrafik d\u00fcz\u0259li\u015fl\u0259ri il\u0259 azald\u0131la bil\u0259r. Natamam m\u0259lumat koordinasiya iclas\u0131 v\u0259 ya daha d\u0259qiq icra \u00e7ertyoju il\u0259 tamamlanar. B\u0259z\u0259n proqram\u0131 qorumaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn i\u015f\u0259 erk\u0259n ba\u015flamaq qa\u00e7\u0131lmaz ola bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n Lakin h\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7 hal eyni vaxtda ba\u015f verdikd\u0259, layih\u0259 t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259li zonaya daxil olur.<\/p>\n Sah\u0259 tam dayanmas\u0131n dey\u0259 i\u015f\u0259 ba\u015flan\u0131r, amma laz\u0131mi m\u0259lumat h\u0259l\u0259 tam deyil. Q\u0259rar ver\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r kritik detallar \u00fczr\u0259 yekun n\u0259tic\u0259y\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259yibl\u0259r. Bir ne\u00e7\u0259 g\u00fcn v\u0259 ya h\u0259ft\u0259 sonra yeni t\u0259limat verilir v\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f i\u015fin bir hiss\u0259sinin yenid\u0259n n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n ke\u00e7irilm\u0259si z\u0259rur\u0259ti yaran\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu n\u00f6qt\u0259d\u0259 x\u0259rc sad\u0259c\u0259 s\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc v\u0259 yenid\u0259n icra il\u0259 m\u0259hdudla\u015fm\u0131r. B\u00fct\u00fcn layih\u0259 gec g\u0259lmi\u015f q\u0259rara uy\u011funla\u015fmaq m\u0259cburiyy\u0259tind\u0259 qal\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu model fasadlarda, MEP sisteml\u0259rind\u0259, interyerd\u0259, land\u015faft i\u015fl\u0259rind\u0259, avadanl\u0131qlarda, giri\u015f-\u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f mar\u015frutlar\u0131nda v\u0259 h\u0259tta \u0259m\u0259liyyat planlamas\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. S\u0259thd\u0259 h\u0259r m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qil g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259 bil\u0259r. Lakin \u0259slind\u0259 \u00e7oxu eyni \u0259sas z\u0259ifliyin m\u00fcxt\u0259lif formalar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu \u00fc\u00e7 q\u0131r\u0131lma n\u00f6qt\u0259sini vaxt\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u0259n layih\u0259nin h\u0259l\u0259 reaksiya verm\u0259k imkan\u0131 olur. Onlar\u0131 g\u00f6rm\u0259zlikd\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259n layih\u0259 is\u0259 sonda bu sualla qal\u0131r:<\/p>\n \u201cBu q\u0259d\u0259r \u0259lav\u0259 x\u0259rc haradan yarand\u0131?\u201d<\/p>\n Cavab, \u00e7ox vaxt, sad\u0259dir: q\u0259rarlar\u0131n yekun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, m\u0259lumat\u0131n natamam qald\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 icran\u0131n q\u0259tiyy\u0259td\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerl\u0259rd\u0259n.<\/p>\n H\u0259r gecikm\u0259 i\u015f sah\u0259sinin tam dayanmas\u0131 il\u0259 m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259t olunmur. \u018fslind\u0259, \u0259n bahal\u0131 gecikm\u0259l\u0259rin \u00e7oxu sah\u0259 k\u0259nardan tam aktiv g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259rk\u0259n ba\u015f verir.<\/p>\n Kran i\u015fl\u0259yir. Komandalar h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259td\u0259dir. Materiallar da\u015f\u0131n\u0131r. G\u00fcnd\u0259lik hesabatda bir ne\u00e7\u0259 aktiv i\u015f qeyd olunur. Amma bu aktivliyin alt\u0131nda layih\u0259 h\u0259m vaxt, h\u0259m d\u0259 pul itir\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n T\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr edin ki, binan\u0131n m\u00fch\u00fcm hiss\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn fasad sistemi \u00fczr\u0259 yekun q\u0259rar on g\u00fcn gecikir. Ka\u011f\u0131z \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 on g\u00fcn \u00e7ox b\u00f6y\u00fck g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259y\u0259 bil\u0259r. \u0130cra komandas\u0131 m\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti olaraq ba\u015fqa i\u015f c\u0259bh\u0259sin\u0259 ke\u00e7\u0259, b\u0259zi f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259r is\u0259 davam ed\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n Lakin reall\u0131qda h\u0259min gecikm\u0259 yaln\u0131z on g\u00fcnd\u0259n ibar\u0259t deyil.<\/p>\n Profil sifari\u015fl\u0259ri g\u00f6zl\u0259m\u0259d\u0259 qal\u0131r. Altkonstruksiya komandas\u0131 proqram\u0131n\u0131 yekunla\u015fd\u0131ra bilmir. Konstruksiya il\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259 detallar\u0131 h\u0259ll olunmur. \u018flaq\u0259li MEP mar\u015frutlar\u0131 yenid\u0259n n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n ke\u00e7irilm\u0259lidir. \u0130sk\u0259l\u0259 v\u0259 ya giri\u015f avadanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sah\u0259nin bir hiss\u0259sind\u0259 s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259siz istifad\u0259 olunur. Komandalar ba\u015fqa yerl\u0259r\u0259 y\u00f6nl\u0259ndirilir v\u0259 sonradan eyni i\u015f c\u0259bh\u0259sin\u0259 qaytar\u0131lmalar\u0131 \u0259lav\u0259 vaxt v\u0259 x\u0259rc yarad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Yekun q\u0259rar n\u0259hay\u0259t verildikd\u0259, layih\u0259 \u00e7ox vaxt proqnozla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lan \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 reaksiya verir: itirilmi\u015f vaxt\u0131 b\u0259rpa etm\u0259k t\u0259zyiqi sonrak\u0131 m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Sat\u0131nalma t\u0259l\u0259sikl\u0259\u015fir. Proqram daha s\u0131x olur. Paralel f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259rin say\u0131 art\u0131r. Keyfiyy\u0259t risk alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n Bu, s\u0259ssiz gecikm\u0259dir. O, he\u00e7 vaxt r\u0259smi hesabatda \u201cgecikmi\u015f q\u0259rarverm\u0259nin x\u0259rci\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259y\u0259 bil\u0259r. Amma t\u0259siri h\u0259r yer\u0259 yay\u0131l\u0131r: a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 m\u0259hsuldarl\u0131q, art\u0131q i\u015f saatlar\u0131, z\u0259if sat\u0131nalma se\u00e7iml\u0259ri, komandalararas\u0131 toqqu\u015fmalar v\u0259 t\u0259chizat\u00e7\u0131larla dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlarda z\u0259if m\u00f6vqe.<\/p>\n B\u00f6y\u00fck layih\u0259d\u0259 gecikm\u0259 t\u0259kc\u0259 vaxt\u0131 istehlak etmir. Layih\u0259nin yax\u015f\u0131 se\u00e7iml\u0259rini d\u0259 aradan qald\u0131r\u0131r.<\/strong> Q\u0259rar n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r gec verilirs\u0259, m\u00f6vcud se\u00e7iml\u0259r bir o q\u0259d\u0259r azal\u0131r \u2014 qalan se\u00e7iml\u0259r is\u0259 daha baha ba\u015fa g\u0259lir.<\/p>\n \u0130st\u0259nil\u0259n layih\u0259d\u0259 \u0259n bahal\u0131 anlardan biri icran\u0131n dizayndan qaba\u011fa ke\u00e7diyi m\u0259qamd\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00c7ertyoj tam g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259 bil\u0259r. Planlar, k\u0259sikl\u0259r, detallar, h\u0259tta \u00fc\u00e7\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc model m\u00f6vcud ola bil\u0259r. Amma zahird\u0259 tam g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n s\u0259n\u0259d\u0259 sahib olmaq onun tikinti \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n haz\u0131r olmas\u0131 dem\u0259k deyil.<\/p>\n \u0130cra \u00e7ertyojunun real d\u0259y\u0259ri yaln\u0131z o zaman yaran\u0131r ki, podrat\u00e7\u0131 i\u015fi t\u0259xmin etm\u0259d\u0259n, \u015f\u0259xsi yozuma yol verm\u0259d\u0259n v\u0259 m\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti sah\u0259 h\u0259ll\u0259rin\u0259 ehtiyac duymadan yerin\u0259 yetir\u0259 bilsin.<\/p>\n Problem memarl\u0131q layih\u0259sinin bir q\u0259rar verdiyi, konstruktiv sistemin ba\u015fqa m\u0259hdudiyy\u0259t yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 MEP-in f\u0259rqli mar\u015frut t\u0259l\u0259b etdiyi yerd\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r. Dizayn ofisind\u0259 bu ziddiyy\u0259t idar\u0259 oluna bil\u0259n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259 bil\u0259r. Sah\u0259d\u0259 is\u0259 layih\u0259 art\u0131q tamamlanm\u0131\u015f beton, faktiki h\u00fcnd\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u0259r, al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f avadanl\u0131q, \u0259m\u0259k q\u00fcvv\u0259si, giri\u015f m\u0259hdudiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri v\u0259 s\u0131xla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f proqramla \u00fcz-\u00fcz\u0259dir.<\/p>\n M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, memarl\u0131q bax\u0131m\u0131ndan sad\u0259, t\u0259miz v\u0259 vizual olaraq fasil\u0259siz n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulan tavan\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn. \u0130cra zaman\u0131 m\u0259lum olur ki, hava kanallar\u0131, borular, kabel traylar\u0131, yan\u011f\u0131n sisteml\u0259ri, bax\u0131\u015f panell\u0259ri v\u0259 texniki avadanl\u0131q \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn laz\u0131m olan m\u0259kan n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulan memarl\u0131q h\u00fcnd\u00fcrl\u00fcy\u00fc il\u0259 uy\u011funla\u015fm\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 icradan \u0259vv\u0259l a\u015fkar edil\u0259rs\u0259, bir ne\u00e7\u0259 h\u0259ll variant\u0131 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndiril\u0259 bil\u0259r. Lakin problem altkonstruksiyan\u0131n, MEP qura\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 ya asma tavan\u0131n bir hiss\u0259si tamamland\u0131qdan sonra \u00fcz\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xarsa, art\u0131q yaln\u0131z dizayn m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si deyil. Bu, maliyy\u0259 v\u0259 qrafik q\u0259rar\u0131na \u00e7evrilir.<\/p>\n T\u0259krar i\u015f sad\u0259c\u0259 s\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc v\u0259 yenid\u0259n icra dem\u0259k deyil. T\u0259krar i\u015f o dem\u0259kdir ki, layih\u0259 yekun d\u0259y\u0259r yaratmayan f\u0259aliyy\u0259t \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn art\u0131q pul \u00f6d\u0259yib. Material s\u0259rf olunub. \u018fm\u0259k vaxt\u0131 x\u0259rcl\u0259nib. Avadanl\u0131q m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olub. Sah\u0259nin ax\u0131n\u0131 pozulub. R\u0259hb\u0259rliyin diqq\u0259ti s\u0259rf olunub \u2014 amma layih\u0259y\u0259 t\u0259hvil veril\u0259 bil\u0259n aktiv \u0259lav\u0259 edilm\u0259yib.<\/p>\n Tikinti sah\u0259si, icraya ba\u015flamazdan \u0259vv\u0259l h\u0259ll edil\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259k probleml\u0259rin a\u015fkarland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer olmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n Bu prinsip sad\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Lakin ona riay\u0259t etm\u0259k, idar\u0259 olunan layih\u0259 il\u0259 sad\u0259c\u0259 ir\u0259li it\u0259l\u0259n\u0259n layih\u0259 aras\u0131ndak\u0131 \u0259n ayd\u0131n f\u0259rql\u0259rd\u0259n biridir.<\/p>\n Layih\u0259d\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fiklik h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 m\u0259nfi hal deyil. Bazar \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259ri, \u0259m\u0259liyyat ehtiyaclar\u0131, investisiya prioritetl\u0259ri v\u0259 ya keyfiyy\u0259t g\u00f6zl\u0259ntil\u0259ri d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259 bil\u0259r. H\u0259r \u015feyi oldu\u011fu kimi saxlamaqda israr etm\u0259k b\u0259z\u0259n yanl\u0131\u015f q\u0259rar ola bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fiklikd\u0259 deyil. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fikliyin layih\u0259y\u0259 hans\u0131 m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 daxil olmas\u0131nda v\u0259 nec\u0259 idar\u0259 edilm\u0259sind\u0259dir.<\/p>\n Tutaq ki, sifari\u015f\u00e7i m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n sah\u0259ni ofis istifad\u0259sind\u0259n xidm\u0259t, qonaqp\u0259rv\u0259rlik v\u0259 ya q\u0259bul m\u0259kan\u0131na \u00e7evirm\u0259k ist\u0259yir. Kommersiya bax\u0131m\u0131ndan bu q\u0259rar tam \u0259sasl\u0131 ola bil\u0259r. Lakin MEP i\u015fl\u0259ri, d\u00f6\u015f\u0259m\u0259, i\u015f\u0131qland\u0131rma v\u0259 son tamamlamalar\u0131n bir hiss\u0259si art\u0131q davam edirs\u0259 v\u0259 ya bitibs\u0259, d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259n t\u0259kc\u0259 m\u0259kan\u0131n funksiyas\u0131 olmur.<\/p>\n Elektrik g\u00fcc\u00fc yenid\u0259n qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259lidir. Havaland\u0131rma yenid\u0259n dizayn t\u0259l\u0259b ed\u0259 bil\u0259r. Giri\u015f-\u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f mar\u015frutlar\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259 bil\u0259r. \u0130nteryer detallar\u0131, materiallar, planla\u015fma, avadanl\u0131q, sat\u0131nalma m\u00fcdd\u0259tl\u0259ri v\u0259 t\u0259hvil tarixl\u0259ri t\u0259sirl\u0259n\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n \u0130clasda \u201cki\u00e7ik d\u0259yi\u015fiklik\u201d kimi t\u0259qdim edil\u0259n m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 sah\u0259d\u0259 geni\u015f icra dal\u011fas\u0131na \u00e7evrilir.<\/p>\n Pe\u015f\u0259kar layih\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259ri yaln\u0131z bu sual\u0131 verm\u0259m\u0259lidir:<\/p>\n \u201cBu d\u0259yi\u015fiklik n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r x\u0259rc yaradacaq?\u201d<\/p>\n Daha d\u00fczg\u00fcn sual budur:<\/p>\n \u201cBu d\u0259yi\u015fikliyi etdikd\u0259, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n v\u0259 gizli hans\u0131 x\u0259rcl\u0259ri eyni anda q\u0259bul etmi\u015f oluruq?\u201d<\/p>\n G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n x\u0259rcl\u0259r\u0259 yenid\u0259n dizayn, yeni sat\u0131nalma v\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 icra daxildir. Gizli x\u0259rcl\u0259r is\u0259 i\u015f ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n pozulmas\u0131, yenil\u0259nmi\u015f sifari\u015fl\u0259r, gecik\u0259n t\u0259hvil, podrat\u00e7\u0131lar \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 t\u0259zyiq, s\u0259hv ehtimal\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131 v\u0259 yekun m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 keyfiyy\u0259tin z\u0259ifl\u0259m\u0259si kimi n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259rdir.<\/p>\n Pe\u015f\u0259kar idar\u0259 olunan d\u0259yi\u015fiklik ayd\u0131n \u0259hat\u0259 dair\u0259sin\u0259 malik olur. Onun vaxt v\u0259 x\u0259rc\u0259 t\u0259siri s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259\u015fdirilir. \u0130cra m\u0259suliyy\u0259ti d\u0259qiq m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilir. V\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fiklik sah\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7atmam\u0131\u015fdan \u0259vv\u0259l onun icra yolu tam ba\u011flan\u0131r v\u0259 raz\u0131la\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu proses olmadan icraya daxil olan ist\u0259nil\u0259n d\u0259yi\u015fiklik \u2014 h\u0259tta ki\u00e7ik d\u0259yi\u015fiklik bel\u0259 \u2014 b\u00f6y\u00fck x\u0259rc yarada bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n B\u00f6y\u00fck layih\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 \u0259n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 qiym\u0259t\u0259 sat\u0131nalma ka\u011f\u0131z \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 \u00e7ox c\u0259lbedici g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. X\u00fcsusil\u0259 b\u00fcdc\u0259 t\u0259zyiq alt\u0131ndad\u0131rsa v\u0259 h\u0259r k\u0259s maliyy\u0259 hesabat\u0131n\u0131 q\u0131sa m\u00fcdd\u0259td\u0259 yax\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131racaq r\u0259q\u0259m axtar\u0131rsa.<\/p>\n Lakin sat\u0131nalma qiym\u0259ti q\u0259rar\u0131n real x\u0259rcinin yaln\u0131z bir hiss\u0259sidir.<\/p>\n Daha ucuz avadanl\u0131q v\u0259 ya material\u0131n \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131lma tarixi daha etibars\u0131z ola bil\u0259r. Partiyalar aras\u0131nda keyfiyy\u0259t f\u0259rqi yarana bil\u0259r. Qura\u015fd\u0131rma daha \u00e7\u0259tin ola bil\u0259r. Daha \u00e7ox d\u00fcz\u0259li\u015f i\u015fi t\u0259l\u0259b oluna bil\u0259r. Ehtiyat hiss\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 v\u0259 texniki d\u0259st\u0259y\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f \u00e7\u0259tinl\u0259\u015f\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n Bel\u0259 hallarda layih\u0259 sat\u0131nalma an\u0131nda pul q\u0259na\u0259t edir, amma icra v\u0259 istismar m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 daha \u00e7ox \u00f6d\u0259yir.<\/p>\n T\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr edin ki, avadanl\u0131q sat\u0131n al\u0131n\u0131b v\u0259 sah\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131b, lakin qura\u015fd\u0131rma zonas\u0131 istifad\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn haz\u0131r deyil; \u00e7\u00fcnki d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259yici infrastruktur tamamlanmay\u0131b v\u0259 ya \u00e7ertyojlar yekunla\u015fmay\u0131b. Avadanl\u0131q anbarda qal\u0131r. Bu arada layih\u0259 da\u015f\u0131ma, bo\u015faltma, anbar, qoruma, z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259 riski, ehtimal olunan yerd\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259 v\u0259 ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f kapital \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn x\u0259rc \u00e7\u0259kir.<\/p>\n Sat\u0131nalma hesabat\u0131 bu q\u0259rar\u0131 u\u011furlu g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259 bil\u0259r. Amma reall\u0131qda layih\u0259nin pul ax\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n bir hiss\u0259si he\u00e7 bir d\u0259y\u0259r yaratmadan ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f olur.<\/p>\n \u0130qtisadi q\u0259rar yaln\u0131z hesab-faktura qiym\u0259ti \u0259sas\u0131nda deyil, h\u0259yat d\u00f6vr\u00fc x\u0259rci<\/strong> \u0259sas\u0131nda qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259lidir:<\/p>\n B\u0259z\u0259n daha baha se\u00e7im daha d\u0259y\u0259rli olur, \u00e7\u00fcnki t\u0259l\u0259b olunan vaxtda etibarl\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131la bilir. B\u0259z\u0259n daha y\u00fcks\u0259k qiym\u0259tli material keyfiyy\u0259tinin sabitliyi v\u0259 ya daha asan qura\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 say\u0259sind\u0259 proqram\u0131n bir ne\u00e7\u0259 h\u0259ft\u0259sini qoruyur.<\/p>\n Z\u0259if layih\u0259l\u0259r \u0259n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 qiym\u0259ti axtar\u0131r.<\/p>\n Pe\u015f\u0259kar layih\u0259l\u0259r is\u0259 \u0259n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u00fcmumi x\u0259rc n\u0259tic\u0259sini<\/strong> axtar\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu ikisi he\u00e7 vaxt eyni anlay\u0131\u015f deyil.<\/p>\n M\u0259\u015f\u011ful tikinti sah\u0259si h\u0259r zaman m\u0259hsuldar sah\u0259 dem\u0259k deyil.<\/p>\n B\u0259zi layih\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 aktivlik sad\u0259c\u0259 z\u0259if planlaman\u0131n n\u0259zak\u0259tli g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcd\u00fcr. H\u0259r k\u0259s m\u0259\u015f\u011ful g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr, amma he\u00e7 kim bug\u00fcnk\u00fc i\u015fin sabah yenid\u0259n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131b-a\u00e7\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131na \u0259min deyil.<\/p>\n Sah\u0259 i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259r, al\u0259tl\u0259r, materiallar v\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259 dolu ola bil\u0259r. Amma daha diqq\u0259tli bax\u0131\u015f g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, bu enerjinin bir hiss\u0259si g\u00f6zl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259, yer d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259y\u0259, d\u00fcz\u0259li\u015f etm\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 gecikmi\u015f koordinasiyaya s\u0259rf olunur. Bir komanda material g\u00f6zl\u0259yir. Podrat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n i\u015f zonas\u0131 haz\u0131r deyil. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i eyni n\u00f6qt\u0259y\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc d\u0259f\u0259 qay\u0131d\u0131r. Ba\u015fqa komanda toqqu\u015fma yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn briqada i\u015fi yar\u0131m\u00e7\u0131q saxlay\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bunlar\u0131n ham\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n x\u0259rci var.<\/p>\n M\u0259hsuldarl\u0131q yaln\u0131z \u0259m\u0259k bacar\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan as\u0131l\u0131 deyil. \u018fn g\u00fccl\u00fc icra komandas\u0131 bel\u0259 yekun \u00e7ertyojlar, kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r material, haz\u0131r i\u015f c\u0259bh\u0259si v\u0259 m\u0259ntiqli i\u015f ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmadan m\u0259hsuldar qala bilm\u0259z.<\/p>\n Bu v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259 layih\u0259 \u0259m\u0259k q\u00fcvv\u0259sinin m\u00f6vcudlu\u011funa g\u00f6r\u0259 pul \u00f6d\u0259yir, amma \u0259ld\u0259 olunan n\u0259tic\u0259 g\u00f6zl\u0259nil\u0259n proqram v\u0259 x\u0259rc s\u0259viyy\u0259sin\u0259 uy\u011fun olmur.<\/p>\n Bu n\u00f6v itki x\u00fcsusil\u0259 t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259lidir, \u00e7\u00fcnki nadir hallarda a\u00e7\u0131q b\u00f6hran kimi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. He\u00e7 bir g\u00fcnd\u0259lik hesabatda bel\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131r:<\/p>\n \u201cYekun t\u0259sdiq olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn briqadan\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 saatl\u0131q potensial\u0131 itirildi.\u201d<\/p>\n Amma bu hal bir ne\u00e7\u0259 i\u015f c\u0259bh\u0259sind\u0259, bir ne\u00e7\u0259 ay \u0259rzind\u0259 t\u0259krarlanarsa, \u00fcmumi m\u0259bl\u0259\u011f b\u00f6y\u00fck tikinti i\u015finin x\u0259rcini ke\u00e7\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n Sa\u011flam sah\u0259nin \u0259lam\u0259ti aktivliyin h\u0259cmi deyil. Sa\u011flam sah\u0259 o sah\u0259dir ki, h\u0259r komanda n\u0259 ed\u0259c\u0259yini, hans\u0131 m\u0259lumatla, n\u0259 vaxt v\u0259 hans\u0131 dig\u0259r komanda il\u0259 paralel i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259c\u0259yini d\u0259qiq bilir.<\/p>\n Bu ayd\u0131nl\u0131q it\u0259n yerd\u0259 gizli x\u0259rc b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r.<\/p>\n Z\u0259if m\u00fcqavil\u0259 m\u00fctl\u0259q x\u0259rc yaratm\u0131r. Lakin qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n m\u00fcqavil\u0259 x\u0259rcl\u0259rin sahibini qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n qoyur.<\/p>\n M\u0259suliyy\u0259tl\u0259r ayd\u0131n olmad\u0131qda, h\u0259r icra m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si m\u00fcbahis\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7evril\u0259 bil\u0259r. Podrat\u00e7\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n i\u015fi raz\u0131la\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u0259hat\u0259 dair\u0259sind\u0259n k\u0259nar hesab ed\u0259 bil\u0259r. Sifari\u015f\u00e7i onu i\u015fin t\u0259bii hiss\u0259si kimi g\u00f6r\u0259 bil\u0259r. M\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t\u00e7i is\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rd\u0259 kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r d\u0259qiq m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilm\u0259mi\u015f keyfiyy\u0259t s\u0259viyy\u0259sini g\u00f6zl\u0259y\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n Bu prosesd\u0259 layih\u0259 t\u0259kc\u0259 pul itirmir. Vaxt\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 idar\u0259etm\u0259 fokusunu da itirir.<\/p>\n \u0130claslar\u0131n say\u0131 art\u0131r. Yaz\u0131\u015fmalar \u00e7oxal\u0131r. T\u0259sdiql\u0259r l\u0259ngiyir. Q\u0259rarlar t\u0259xir\u0259 sal\u0131n\u0131r. Komandalar m\u0259suliyy\u0259td\u0259n yay\u0131nmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn daha ehtiyatl\u0131 v\u0259 daha yava\u015f davran\u0131rlar. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 d\u0259qiq madd\u0259 v\u0259 ayd\u0131n prosedurla idar\u0259 oluna bil\u0259c\u0259k m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 yorucu m\u00fcnaqi\u015f\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7evrilir.<\/p>\n Pe\u015f\u0259kar m\u00fcqavil\u0259nin m\u0259qs\u0259di m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259ri m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259bl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k deyil. \u018fksin\u0259, layih\u0259nin \u00e7\u0259tin g\u00fcnl\u0259rind\u0259 ayd\u0131n cavablar yaratmaqd\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u0130\u015fin \u0259hat\u0259 dair\u0259si, keyfiyy\u0259t standartlar\u0131, sat\u0131nalma m\u0259suliyy\u0259tl\u0259ri, d\u0259yi\u015fiklik prosedurlar\u0131, t\u0259sdiq \u00fcsullar\u0131, t\u0259hvil meyarlar\u0131 v\u0259 m\u00fcbahis\u0259l\u0259rin h\u0259lli mexanizml\u0259ri kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r ayd\u0131n olmal\u0131d\u0131r ki, q\u0259rarlar t\u0259xmin\u0259 v\u0259 ya \u015f\u0259xsi yozuma ba\u011fl\u0131 qalmas\u0131n.<\/p>\n \u0130dar\u0259etm\u0259 diqq\u0259ti h\u0259r layih\u0259d\u0259 \u0259n bahal\u0131 resurslardan biridir. Layih\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259rinin keyfiyy\u0259t\u0259, vaxta, risk\u0259 v\u0259 koordinasiyaya n\u0259zar\u0259t etm\u0259k \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259 m\u00fcqavil\u0259 qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nliyind\u0259n yaranan m\u00fcbahis\u0259ni h\u0259ll etm\u0259y\u0259 s\u0259rf etdiyi h\u0259r saat yeni gizli x\u0259rc yarad\u0131r.<\/p>\n D\u0259y\u0259r m\u00fch\u0259ndisliyi \u00e7ox vaxt x\u0259rcin azald\u0131lmas\u0131 il\u0259 qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bir elementi \u00e7\u0131xarmaq, material\u0131 daha ucuz alternativl\u0259 \u0259v\u0259z etm\u0259k v\u0259 ya texniki spesifikasiyan\u0131 azaltmaq avtomatik olaraq d\u0259y\u0259r m\u00fch\u0259ndisliyi dem\u0259k deyil.<\/p>\n B\u0259z\u0259n bu c\u00fcr q\u0259rarlar x\u0259rci yaln\u0131z bu g\u00fcnd\u0259n sabaha ke\u00e7irir.<\/p>\n H\u0259qiqi d\u0259y\u0259r m\u00fch\u0259ndisliyi bir sualla ba\u015flay\u0131r:<\/p>\n Bu x\u0259rc layih\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn konkret olaraq hans\u0131 d\u0259y\u0259ri yarad\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n \u018fg\u0259r bir x\u0259rci \u00e7\u0131xarmaq t\u0259hvil tarixini risk\u0259 at\u0131rsa, t\u0259krar i\u015f ehtimal\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131rsa, texniki xidm\u0259ti \u00e7\u0259tinl\u0259\u015fdirirs\u0259 v\u0259 ya istismar keyfiyy\u0259tini a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 sal\u0131rsa, h\u0259min ixtisar m\u00fctl\u0259q q\u0259na\u0259t say\u0131lm\u0131r. O, sad\u0259c\u0259 x\u0259rci n\u0259zar\u0259t etm\u0259yin daha \u00e7\u0259tin v\u0259 baha oldu\u011fu m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 \u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n, daha y\u00fcks\u0259k ilkin x\u0259rc b\u0259z\u0259n tam \u0259sasl\u0131 ola bil\u0259r. Daha s\u00fcr\u0259tli qura\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lan sistem, daha a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 nasazl\u0131q riski olan avadanl\u0131q, icra keyfiyy\u0259ti daha sabit olan material v\u0259 ya g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k \u00e7evikliy\u0259 imkan ver\u0259n h\u0259ll ilk m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 baha g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259 bil\u0259r, amma layih\u0259nin \u00fcmumi x\u0259rcini azalda bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n Pe\u015f\u0259kar layih\u0259 bel\u0259 soru\u015fmur:<\/p>\n \u201cHarada daha az pul x\u0259rcl\u0259y\u0259 bil\u0259rik?\u201d<\/p>\n O bel\u0259 soru\u015fur:<\/p>\n \u201cHarada x\u0259rcl\u0259m\u0259 real d\u0259y\u0259r yarad\u0131r, harada is\u0259 sad\u0259c\u0259 yeni problem sat\u0131n al\u0131r\u0131q?\u201d<\/p>\n Bu f\u0259rq layih\u0259nin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259 t\u0259rzini s\u0259thi x\u0259rc n\u0259zar\u0259tind\u0259n h\u0259qiqi d\u0259y\u0259r idar\u0259etm\u0259sin\u0259 ke\u00e7irir.<\/p>\n Gizli x\u0259rcl\u0259r r\u0259q\u0259m\u0259 \u00e7evrilm\u0259zd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l \u00f6z \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259rini g\u00f6st\u0259rir.<\/p>\n Tez-tez ke\u00e7iril\u0259n, amma yekun q\u0259rar verm\u0259y\u0259n iclaslar bir i\u015far\u0259dir. \u018fsas m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259ni h\u0259ll etm\u0259d\u0259n davaml\u0131 yenil\u0259n\u0259n \u00e7ertyojlar bir i\u015far\u0259dir. Sifari\u015f verildikd\u0259n sonra yenid\u0259n bax\u0131lmal\u0131 olan sat\u0131nalma paketl\u0259ri bir i\u015far\u0259dir. Daim bir i\u015f c\u0259bh\u0259sind\u0259n dig\u0259rin\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259n komandalar bir i\u015far\u0259dir. \u0130r\u0259liy\u0259 plan qurmaq \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259 t\u0259krar-t\u0259krar t\u0259limat ist\u0259y\u0259n podrat\u00e7\u0131lar da bir i\u015far\u0259dir.<\/p>\n H\u0259r layih\u0259 probleml\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r. Pe\u015f\u0259kar layih\u0259 il\u0259 h\u0259ssas layih\u0259 aras\u0131ndak\u0131 f\u0259rq probleml\u0259rin olmamas\u0131nda deyil. F\u0259rq diaqnozun s\u00fcr\u0259tind\u0259 v\u0259 reaksiyan\u0131n keyfiyy\u0259tind\u0259dir.<\/p>\n Bu siqnallar\u0131 sad\u0259c\u0259 g\u00fcnd\u0259lik narahatl\u0131q kimi g\u00f6r\u0259n layih\u0259 b\u00f6hran\u0131 ad\u0259t\u0259n \u00e7ox gec tan\u0131y\u0131r. Onlar\u0131 erk\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259rdarl\u0131q g\u00f6st\u0259ricisi kimi oxuyan layih\u0259nin is\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259 istiqam\u0259ti d\u00fcz\u0259ltm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn vaxt\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n B\u00fcdc\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259ti elektron c\u0259dv\u0259ld\u0259n ba\u015flam\u0131r. O, layih\u0259ni d\u00fczg\u00fcn m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 etm\u0259kd\u0259n ba\u015flay\u0131r: hans\u0131 q\u0259rarlar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131q qald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, hans\u0131 i\u015f c\u0259bh\u0259l\u0259rinin natamam m\u0259lumatla ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, hans\u0131 sat\u0131nalmalar\u0131n proqram\u0131 t\u0259hdid etdiyini v\u0259 hans\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259rin tam maliyy\u0259 t\u0259sirini h\u0259l\u0259 \u00fcz\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xarmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilm\u0259kd\u0259n.<\/p>\n B\u00f6y\u00fck layih\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 b\u00fcdc\u0259 bir anda itmir. O, onlarla ki\u00e7ik q\u0259rar vasit\u0259sil\u0259 a\u015f\u0131n\u0131r: gec veril\u0259n t\u0259sdiq, icraya haz\u0131r olmayan \u00e7ertyoj, yaln\u0131z al\u0131\u015f qiym\u0259tin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 ucuz g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n sat\u0131nalma, m\u00fcnaqi\u015f\u0259 zaman\u0131 cavab ver\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259n m\u00fcqavil\u0259 v\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful, lakin koordinasiya olunmam\u0131\u015f sah\u0259.<\/p>\n Gizli x\u0259rcl\u0259r t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259lidir, \u00e7\u00fcnki \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 ki\u00e7ik v\u0259 idar\u0259 oluna bil\u0259n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Amma b\u00f6y\u00fck layih\u0259l\u0259r h\u0259r ki\u00e7ik problemi miqyasla b\u00f6y\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bir m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259d\u0259ki qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nlik bir ne\u00e7\u0259 m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259krarlana bil\u0259r. Gecikmi\u015f q\u0259rar bir ne\u00e7\u0259 sat\u0131nalman\u0131 v\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti g\u00f6zl\u0259m\u0259d\u0259 saxlaya bil\u0259r. M\u0259hdud d\u00fcz\u0259li\u015f bir ne\u00e7\u0259 komandan\u0131n i\u015f ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 poza bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n M\u0259hz buna g\u00f6r\u0259 x\u0259rc n\u0259zar\u0259ti yaln\u0131z maliyy\u0259 \u015f\u00f6b\u0259sinin m\u0259suliyy\u0259ti deyil. O, q\u0259rarlar\u0131n keyfiyy\u0259tinin, s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rin yetkinliyinin, sat\u0131nalma intizam\u0131n\u0131n, sah\u0259 koordinasiyas\u0131n\u0131n, d\u0259yi\u015fiklik idar\u0259etm\u0259sinin v\u0259 m\u00fcqavil\u0259 ayd\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n n\u0259tic\u0259sidir.<\/p>\n Gizli x\u0259rcl\u0259ri aral\u0131q \u00f6d\u0259ni\u015f sertifikat\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259zd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n ed\u0259 bil\u0259n komanda t\u0259kc\u0259 daha az pul itirmir. O, vaxt\u0131, keyfiyy\u0259ti, pe\u015f\u0259kar etibar\u0131 v\u0259 daha d\u00fczg\u00fcn q\u0259rarlar q\u0259bul etm\u0259k qabiliyy\u0259tini d\u0259 qoruyur.<\/p>\n Layih\u0259 daha \u00e7ox pul x\u0259rcl\u0259diyi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bahal\u0131 olmur.<\/strong><\/p>\n O, eyni n\u0259tic\u0259ni \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir ne\u00e7\u0259 d\u0259f\u0259 pul \u00f6d\u0259dikd\u0259 bahal\u0131 olur.<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" B\u00f6y\u00fck tikinti layih\u0259sinin ilkin m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 b\u00fcdc\u0259 ad\u0259t\u0259n m\u0259ntiqli, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259 bil\u0259n v\u0259 m\u00fcdafi\u0259 oluna bil\u0259n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. H\u0259cml\u0259r hesablan\u0131b, qiym\u0259tl\u0259r toplan\u0131b, material, icra, avadanl\u0131q v\u0259 \u0259m\u0259k x\u0259rcl\u0259ri m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n d\u0259qiqlikl\u0259 proqnozla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131b. M\u0259lum riskl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u0259, \u0259ks\u0259r hallarda, ehtiyat m\u0259bl\u0259\u011fi n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulur. \u0130lk iclaslarda ham\u0131 x\u0259rcl\u0259r\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259td\u0259n dan\u0131\u015f\u0131r. \u00dcmumi yana\u015fma sad\u0259dir: sat\u0131nalma d\u00fczg\u00fcn idar\u0259 olunsa v\u0259 \u00f6d\u0259ni\u015f intizam\u0131 qorunsa, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5775,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5778","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bloq"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5778","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5778"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5778\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5791,"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5778\/revisions\/5791"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5775"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5778"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5778"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azco.az\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5778"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![](\"https:\/\/azco.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/word-image-5778-1.jpeg\")
<\/p>\n\u0130ki F\u0259rqli Layih\u0259<\/h2>\n
![](\"https:\/\/azco.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/word-image-5778-2.jpeg\")
<\/p>\n\u00dc\u00e7 Q\u0131r\u0131lma N\u00f6qt\u0259si<\/h2>\n
![](\"https:\/\/azco.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/word-image-5778-3.jpeg\")
<\/p>\nS\u0259ssiz Gecikm\u0259l\u0259r<\/h2>\n
Natamam \u00c7ertyoj<\/h2>\n
Bahal\u0131 D\u0259yi\u015fiklik<\/h2>\n
Ucuz Sat\u0131nalma<\/h2>\n
M\u0259\u015f\u011ful Sah\u0259<\/h2>\n
Qeyri-M\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n M\u00fcqavil\u0259<\/h2>\n
H\u0259qiqi D\u0259y\u0259r<\/h2>\n
B\u00f6hrandan \u018fvv\u0259l<\/h2>\n
![](\"https:\/\/azco.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/word-image-5778-4.png\")
<\/p>\nYekun Fikir<\/h2>\n